Fig. 1
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Fig. 2
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Fig. 3
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Fig. 4
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Fig. 5
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Fig. 6
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Fig. 7
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Fig. 8
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Fig. 9
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Fig. 10
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Fig. 11
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1A. UNICUSPID OUTER AND INNER ROW TEETH ON BOTH ORAL JAWS
(FIG.1A)....................2
1B. BICUSPID OUTER AND TRICUSPID INNER ROW TEETH ON BOTH
ORAL JAWS (FIG. 1B)....................10
2A. LATERAL LINE SINGLE AND CONTINUOUS (FIG. 2B)....................Teleogramma
2B. LATERAL LINE DISJUNCT (FIG. 2A,C)....................3
3A. LOWER LATERAL LINE EXTENDS POSTERIORLY IN A TRIFURCATION
OVER CAUDAL FIN, NO PROMINENT SCALESS BLACK PATCH ON
OPERCLE (FIG. 2C)....................4
3B. LOWER LATERAL LINE TERMINATES AT CAUDAL FIN BASE,
PROMINENT SCALESS BLACK PATCH ON OPERCLE (FIG. 2A,B)....................5
4A. LOWER LATERAL LINE EXTENDS ANTERIORLY FAR BENEATH THE
UPPER LATERAL LINE (FIG. 2C), WELL-DEVELOPED VISOR-LIKE
HANGING PHARYNGEAL PAD (FIG. 3)....................Tylochromis
4B. LOWER LATERAL LINE DOES NOT EXTENDED ANTERIORLY (FIG. 2A),
NO VISOR-LIKE PHARYNGEAL PAD (FIG. 4)....................Heterochromis
5A. MORE THAN THREE ANAL FIN SPINES....................Lamprologus
5B. THREE ANAL FIN SPINES....................6
6A. FIFTEEN OR MORE ELONGATE GILL RAKERS ON LOWER LIMB OF
FIRST ARCH....................Pterochromis
6B. TWELVE OR FEWER GILL RAKERS ON LOWER LIMB (FIG. 4)....................7
7A. BLACK SPOT IN SOFT DORSAL FIN EXTENDING DOWN ONTO BACK (FIG. 5A), JAWS ISOGNATHOUS (FIG. 5A)....................Pelmatochromis
7B. NO BLACK SPOT IN DORSAL FIN, LOWER JAW SLIGHTLY OR
STRONGLY PROGNATHOUS (FIG. 5B)....................Hemichromis
8A. UPPER LATERAL LINE (AT MID-BODY) SEPARATED FROM DORSAL
FIN BY ONE OR FEWER SCALE ROWS (FIG. 6A)....................9
8B. UPPER LATERAL LINE (AT MID-BODY) SEPARATED FROM DORSAL
FIN BY AT LEAST TWO SCALE ROWS (FIG. 6B)....................10
9A. TEETH ROBUST (FIG. 7A), 6 PORES ON PREOPERCLE (FIG. 7A)....................Congochromis
9B. TEETH SMALL AND FINE (FIG. 7B), 7 PORES ON PREOPERCLE (FIG.
7B)....................Nanochromis
10A. NINETEEN OR MORE DORSAL FIN SPINES....................Steatocranus
10B. EIGHTEEN OR FEWER DORSAL FIN SPINES....................11
11A. USUALLY A LARGE BLACK BLOTCH IN SOFT DORSAL FIN (JUVENILES
AND MOST ADULTS), GILL ARCH ROUNDED (FIG. 8A), LPJ WITH LARGE HOLES ON VENTRAL FACE (FIG. 8B)....................12
11B. NO BLACK BLOTCH IN SOFT DORSAL, GILL ARCH ELONGATE (FIG. 8C), LPJ WITHOUT HOLES ON VENTRAL FACE (FIG. 8D)....................14
12A. LPJ AS WIDE AS LONG (FIG. 9A), 7-16 RAKERS ON LOWER LIMB OF
FIRST ARCH, TEETH ROBUST AND IMMOBILE....................Tilapia
12B. LPJ LONGER THAN WIDE (FIG. 9B), 13-27 RAKERS ON LOWER LIMB
OF FIRST ARCH, TEETH GRACILE AND OFTEN MOVEABLY
IMPLANTED....................13
13A. SCALES BETWEEN PECTORAL AND PELVIC FINS GRADE GRADUALLY
IN SIZE WITH FLANK SCALES (FIG. 10A), GENITAL PAPILLAE OF
BOTH SEXES SMALL AND SIMPLE....................Sarotherodon
13B. SCALES BETWEEN PECTORAL AND PELVIC FINS MARKEDLY
SMALLER THAN FLANK SCALES (FIG. 10B), GENITAL PAPILLAE WELL-
DEVELOPED AND OFTEN ELABORATE IN MALES....................Oreochromis
14A. SECOND PELVIC FIN RAY LONGEST, FIN WITH ROUNDED OUTLINE
WHEN OPENED (FIG. 11A)....................Orthochromis
14B. FIRST PELVIC RAY LONGEST (FIG. 11B)....................15
15A. CHEEK NAKED OR WITH FEW SCALES, CHEST NAKED OR WITH
TINY EMBEDDED SCALES....................Ctenochromis
15B. CHEEK AND CHEST FULLY SCALED ....................Haplochromis
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