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Ptychadena oxyrhynchus (Smith, 1849)
Rana oxyrhynchus Smith, 1849, Illust. Zool. S. Afr., 3 (Part 28): pl. 77, fig 2. Syntypes: BMNH; BMNH lectotype designated by Guibé and Lamotte, 1961 "1960", Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 2, 32: 382. Type locality: "Kaffirland and the region of Port Natal [= Durban]", Rep. South Africa. BMNH specimens noted from Smith are from "Cape of Good Hope" and "Natal", according to Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 51.
Ixalus bistrigatus Werner, 1894, Zool. Anz., 17: 156. Holotype: Not stated; presumably originally in NHMW. Type locality: "Ostindien" [in error; by implication of the synonymy]. Synonymy by Werner, 1899, Zool. Anz., 22: 377. (Formerly placed in the synonymy of Phrynobatrachus plicatus by Boulenger, 1895, Zool. Rec., 31: 39.)
Phrynobatrachus hailiensis Meek, 1897, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 1: 175. Syntypes: FMNH (2 specimens), by original designation. Type locality: given as "Haili" (= Haileh), Somalia, but elsewhere on the same page explained more accurately as "About 10 miles from our camping place at Haili, on our journey back to Berbera . . . . The place . . . was near a small spring, . . . . Haili is at the foot of the Gobis range, about 30 miles southeast of Berbera", Somalia. Synonymy by Loveridge, 1936, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 22: 91; Guibé and Lamotte, 1957, Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 19: 966; Lanza, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 165 (formerly considered a junior synonym of Ptychadena mascareniensis by Boulenger, 1898, Zool. Rec., 34: 30; Boulenger, 1898, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, Ser. 2, 18: 716). The type locality is far outside of the otherwise known range (DRF).
Rana (Ptychadena) oxyrhynchus — Procter, 1920, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1920: 412; De Witte, 1921, Rev. Zool. Afr., 9: 6; Chabanaud, 1921, Bull. Com. Études Hist. Scient. Afr. Occid. Franç., 1921: 451; Parker, 1936, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1936: 139; Pienaar, 1963, Koedoe, 6: 79; Dubois, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 233; by implication.
Rana (Ptychadena) Gribinguiensis Angel, 1922, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, 28: 399. Syntypes: MNHNP, not currently (22 Aug. 2009) on MNHNP collection online database. Type locality: "Fort Crampel (Gribingui)", Lake Chad, French West Africa. Synonymy by Loveridge, 1938, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 17: 70; Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 125.
Phrynobatrachus hailensis — Loveridge, 1936, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 22: 91. Misspelling in synonymy.
Rana oxyrhynchus gribinguiensis — Loveridge, 1938, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 17: 70. Distinctiveness of subspecies from Ptychadena oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus rejected by Poynton, 1964, Senckenb. Biol., 45; 195.
Ptychadena oxyrhynchus — Deckert, 1938, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1938: 147; Guibé and Lamotte, 1957, Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 19: 942; Guibé and Lamotte, 1961 "1960", Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 2, 32: 380; Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 56; by implication.
Rana (Ptychadena) oxyrhynchus gribinguiensis — Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 43. Distinctiveness from Rana oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus rejected by Schmidt and Inger, 1959, Explor. Parc Natl. Upemba, Miss. G.F. de Witte, 56: 91, and questioned by Rödel, 2000, Herpetofauna W. Afr., 1: 118.
Rana (Ptychadena) oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus — De Witte, 1952, Result. Sci., Explor. Hydrobiol. Lac Tanganyika (1946–47), 3: 6; Guibé and Lamotte, 1957, Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 19: 966.
Ptychadena oxyrhynchus gribinguiensis — Lamotte, 1958, Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 20: 1464.
Rana oxyrhyncha — Inger, 1968, Explor. Parc Natl. Garamba, Miss. H. de Saeger, 52: 72. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Ptychadena (Ptychadena) oxyrhynchus — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 316.
Ptychadena oxirhynchus — Gavetti and Andreone, 1993, Cat. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat., Torino, 10: 89. Spelling error.
English Names
Sharp-nosed Frog (Hewitt, 1937, Guide Vert. Fauna E. Cape Province, Rept. Amph. Fishes: 100; Rose, 1962, Rep. Amph. S. Afr., Ed. 2: 45; Van Dijk, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 17: 15; Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 5).
Sharp-nosed Rana (Wager, 1965, Frogs S. Afr.: 154; Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 5; Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 152).
Sharp-snouted Ridged Frog (Broadley, 1973, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 10: 23).
Sharp-nosed Grass Frog (Pienaar, 1963, Koedoe, 6: 79; Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 5Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 152; Lambiris, 1990 "1989", Monogr. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino, 10: 105; Minter and Passmore, 2004, in Minter et al. (eds.), Atlas Frogs S. Afr. Lesotho and Swaziland: 291; Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 316).
Ridged Frog (Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 152).
Kaffirland Grassland Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 105).
Sharp-nosed Ridged Frog (Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 5; Channing, 2001, Amph. Cent. S. Afr.: 334-336; Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 309; Lötters, Wagner, Bwong, Schick, Malonza, Muchai, Wasonga, and Veith, 2007, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Kakamega Forest: 22).
Sharp-nosed Rocket Frog (Barnett, Emms, and Santoni, 2001, Herpetol. Bull., London, 77: 8).
Distribution
Subsaharan Africa, circum-forest savanna from Senegal and Gambia to throughout Angola, northeastern Namibia, northern Botswana, south through Mozambique along the coast to the eastern part of the Eastern Cape Province (Rep. South Africa).
Comment
See accounts by Schmidt and Inger, 1959, Explor. Parc Natl. Upemba, Miss. G.F. de Witte, 56: 91-95; Inger, 1968, Explor. Parc Natl. Garamba, Miss. H. de Saeger, 52: 72; Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 124; and Poynton and Broadley, 1985, Ann. Natal Mus., 27: 144-145, and Rödel, 2000, Herpetofauna W. Afr., 1: 118-123, Minter and Passmore, 2004, in Minter et al. (eds.), Atlas Frogs S. Afr. Lesotho and Swaziland: 291-292, Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 309-311, Pickersgill, 2007, Frog Search: 137-139, Lötters, Wagner, Bwong, Schick, Malonza, Muchai, Wasonga, and Veith, 2007, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Kakamega Forest: 22-23, and Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 316-317, provided accounts. Not included in the Somalia herpetofauna by Lanza, 1990, Biogeographia, 14: 410. Barnett, Emms, and Santoni, 2001, Herpetol. Bull., London, 77: 8, provided a record from Gambia. Padial and De la Riva, 2004, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 18: 96, suggested that this species will be found in southern Mauritania but Sánchez-Vialas, Calvo-Revuelta, and Márquez, 2017, ZooKeys, 673: 125–133, did not report it there. Schiøtz, 1963, Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturhist. Foren., 125: 23-24, provided records for Nigeria. Emms, Jambang, Bah, Mankali, Rödel, and Barnett, 2005, Herpetol. Bull., London, 94: 6-16, provided records for Gambia. Bwong, Chira, Schick, Veith, and Lötters, 2009, Salamandra, 45: 129-146, discussed the assignment of a population in western Kenya to this taxon and outstanding questions regarding the systematics of this species. Mercurio, 2011, Amph. Malawi: 261-265, provided an account for Malawi. See comments regarding specimen from Malundwe Mountain, Tanzania, by Lawson and Collett, 2011, Fieldiana, Life Earth Sci., 4: 77. Channing, Rödel, and Channing, 2012, Tadpoles of Africa: 309, provided information on comparative larval morphology. Channing, Rödel, and Channing, 2012, Tadpoles of Africa: 309, provided information on comparative larval morphology. Harper, Measey, Patrick, Menegon, and Vonesh, 2010, Field Guide Amph. E. Arc Mts. Tanzania and Kenya: 268–269, provided a brief account and photograph. Ohler and Frétey, 2014, J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist., 103: 99–100, provided a brief discussion of a collection from northern Mozambique. Marques, Ceríaco, Blackburn, and Bauer, 2018, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 65 (Suppl. II): 136–137, provided a map for Angola and brief discussion of the literature.
External links:
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- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist; for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
- For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.