Ptychadena oxyrhynchus (Smith, 1849)

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Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Ptychadenidae > Genus: Ptychadena > Species: Ptychadena oxyrhynchus

Rana oxyrhynchus Smith, 1849, Illust. Zool. S. Afr., 3 (Part 28): pl. 77, fig 2. Syntypes: BMNH; BMNH lectotype designated by Guibé and Lamotte, 1961 "1960", Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 2, 32: 382. Type locality: "Kaffirland and the region of Port Natal [= Durban]", Rep. South Africa. BMNH specimens noted from Smith are from "Cape of Good Hope" and "Natal", according to Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 51.

Ixalus bistrigatus Werner, 1894, Zool. Anz., 17: 156. Holotype: Not stated; presumably originally in NHMW. Type locality: "Ostindien" [in error; by implication of the synonymy]. Synonymy by Werner, 1899, Zool. Anz., 22: 377. (Formerly placed in the synonymy of Phrynobatrachus plicatus by Boulenger, 1895, Zool. Rec., 31: 39.)

Phrynobatrachus hailiensis Meek, 1897, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 1: 175. Syntypes: FMNH (2 specimens), by original designation. Type locality: given as "Haili" (= Haileh), Somalia, but elsewhere on the same page explained more accurately as "About 10 miles from our camping place at Haili, on our journey back to Berbera . . . . The place . . . was near a small spring, . . . . Haili is at the foot of the Gobis range, about 30 miles southeast of Berbera", Somalia. Synonymy by Loveridge, 1936, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 22: 91; Guibé and Lamotte, 1957, Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 19: 966; Lanza, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 165 (formerly considered a junior synonym of Ptychadena mascareniensis by Boulenger, 1898, Zool. Rec., 34: 30; Boulenger, 1898, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, Ser. 2, 18: 716). The type locality is far outside of the otherwise known range (DRF).

Rana (Ptychadena) oxyrhynchus — Procter, 1920, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1920: 412. De Witte, 1921, Rev. Zool. Afr., 9: 6; Chabanaud, 1921, Bull. Com. Études Hist. Scient. Afr. Occid. Franç., 1921: 451; Parker, 1936, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1936: 139; Pienaar, 1963, Koedoe, 6: 79; Dubois, 1981, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Suppl., 15: 233; by implication.

Rana (Ptychadena) Gribinguiensis Angel, 1922, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, 28: 399. Syntypes: MNHNP, not currently (22 Aug. 2009) on MNHNP collection online database. Type locality: "Fort Crampel (Gribingui)", Lake Chad, French West Africa. Synonymy by Loveridge, 1938, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 17: 70; Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 125.

Phrynobatrachus hailensis — Loveridge, 1936, Field Mus. Nat. Hist. Publ., Zool. Ser., 22: 91. Misspelling in synonymy.

Rana oxyrhynchus gribinguiensis — Loveridge, 1938, Proc. New England Zool. Club, 17: 70. Distinctiveness of subspecies from Ptychadena oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus rejected by Poynton, 1964, Senckenb. Biol., 45; 195.

Ptychadena oxyrhynchus — Deckert, 1938, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1938: 147. Guibé and Lamotte, 1957, Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 19: 942; Guibé and Lamotte, 1961 "1960", Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 2, 32: 380; Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 56; by implication.

Rana (Ptychadena) oxyrhynchus gribinguiensis — Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 43. Distinctiveness from Rana oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus rejected by Schmidt and Inger, 1959, Explor. Parc Natl. Upemba, Miss. G.F. de Witte, 56: 91, and questioned by Rödel, 2000, Herpetofauna W. Afr., 1: 118.

Rana (Ptychadena) oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus — De Witte, 1952, Result. Sci., Explor. Hydrobiol. Lac Tanganyika (1946–47), 3: 6. Guibé and Lamotte, 1957, Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 19: 966.

Ptychadena oxyrhynchus gribinguiensis — Lamotte, 1958, Bull. Inst. Franç. Afr. Noire, Ser. A, 20: 1464.

Rana oxyrhyncha — Inger, 1968, Explor. Parc Natl. Garamba, Miss. H. de Saeger, 52: 72. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Ptychadena (Ptychadena) oxyrhynchus — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 316.

Ptychadena oxirhynchus — Gavetti and Andreone, 1993, Cat. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat., Torino, 10: 89. Spelling error.

English Names

Sharp-nosed Frog (Hewitt, 1937, Guide Vert. Fauna E. Cape Province, Rept. Amph. Fishes: 100; Rose, 1962, Rep. Amph. S. Afr., Ed. 2: 45; Van Dijk, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 17: 15; Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 5).

Sharp-nosed Rana (Wager, 1965, Frogs S. Afr.: 154; Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 5; Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 152).

Sharp-snouted Ridged Frog (Broadley, 1973, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 10: 23).

Sharp-nosed Grass Frog (Pienaar, 1963, Koedoe, 6: 79; Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 5Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 152; Lambiris, 1990 "1989", Monogr. Mus. Reg. Sci. Nat. Torino, 10: 105; Minter and Passmore, 2004, in Minter et al. (eds.), Atlas Frogs S. Afr. Lesotho and Swaziland: 291; Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 316).

Ridged Frog (Passmore and Carruthers, 1979, S. Afr. Frogs: 152).

Kaffirland Grassland Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 105).

Sharp-nosed Ridged Frog (Passmore and Carruthers, 1978, J. Herpetol. Assoc. Afr., 19: 5; Channing, 2001, Amph. Cent. S. Afr.: 334-336; Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 309; Lötters, Wagner, Bwong, Schick, Malonza, Muchai, Wasonga, and Veith, 2007, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Kakamega Forest: 22).

Sharp-nosed Rocket Frog (Barnett, Emms, and Santoni, 2001, Herpetol. Bull., London, 77: 8).

Distribution

Subsaharan Africa, circum-forest savanna from Senegal and Gambia to eastern Angola, northeastern Namibia, northern Botswana, south through Mozambique along the coast to the eastern part of the Eastern Cape Province (Rep. South Africa).

Comment

See accounts by Schmidt and Inger, 1959, Explor. Parc Natl. Upemba, Miss. G.F. de Witte, 56: 91-95; Inger, 1968, Explor. Parc Natl. Garamba, Miss. H. de Saeger, 52: 72; Poynton, 1964, Ann. Natal Mus., 17: 124; and Poynton and Broadley, 1985, Ann. Natal Mus., 27: 144-145, and Rödel, 2000, Herpetofauna W. Afr., 1: 118-123, Minter and Passmore, 2004, in Minter et al. (eds.), Atlas Frogs S. Afr. Lesotho and Swaziland: 291-292, Channing and Howell, 2006, Amph. E. Afr.: 309-311, Pickersgill, 2007, Frog Search: 137-139, Lötters, Wagner, Bwong, Schick, Malonza, Muchai, Wasonga, and Veith, 2007, Fieldguide Amph. Rept. Kakamega Forest: 22-23, and Du Preez and Carruthers, 2009, Compl. Guide Frogs S. Afr.: 316-317, provided accounts. Not included in the Somalia herpetofauna by Lanza, 1990, Biogeographia, 14: 410. Barnett, Emms, and Santoni, 2001, Herpetol. Bull., London, 77: 8, provided a record from Gambia. Padial and De la Riva, 2004, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 18: 96, suggested that this species will be found in southern Mauritania but Sánchez-Vialas, Calvo-Revuelta, and Márquez, 2017, ZooKeys, 673: 125–133, did not report it there. Schiøtz, 1963, Vidensk. Medd. Dansk Naturhist. Foren., 125: 23-24, provided records for Nigeria. Emms, Jambang, Bah, Mankali, Rödel, and Barnett, 2005, Herpetol. Bull., London, 94: 6-16, provided records for Gambia. Bwong, Chira, Schick, Veith, and Lötters, 2009, Salamandra, 45: 129-146, discussed the assignment of a population in western Kenya to this taxon and outstanding questions regarding the systematics of this species. Mercurio, 2011, Amph. Malawi: 261-265, provided an account for Malawi. See comments regarding specimen from Malundwe Mountain, Tanzania, by Lawson and Collett, 2011, Fieldiana, Life Earth Sci., 4: 77. Channing, Rödel, and Channing, 2012, Tadpoles of Africa: 309, provided information on comparative larval morphology. Channing, Rödel, and Channing, 2012, Tadpoles of Africa: 309, provided information on comparative larval morphology. Harper, Measey, Patrick, Menegon, and Vonesh, 2010, Field Guide Amph. E. Arc Mts. Tanzania and Kenya: 268–269, provided a brief account and photograph. Ohler and Frétey, 2014, J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist., 103: 99–100, provided a brief discussion of a collection from northern Mozambique.

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