Megophrys montana Kuhl and Van Hasselt, 1822

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Megophryidae > Subfamily: Megophryinae > Genus: Megophrys > Species: Megophrys montana

Mogophrys montana Kuhl and Van Hasselt, 1822, Algemeene Konst-en Letter-Bode, 7: 102. Syntypes: RMNH 2212 (4 specimens) according to M.S. Hoogmoed In Matsui, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 415, MNHNP RA 0000.0802, RA 0000.1211, and ZFMK 8388 according to Böhme, 2014, Mertensiella, 21: 93–95. Type locality: "Pjihorjavor aan de voet van den Pangerango. En nog zijn wij geen 20 uren ver van Buitzenzorg gekomen", Java, Indonesia. See comment under Megophrys regarding spelling of generic name.

Megophrys monticola Kuhl and Van Hasselt, 1822, Isis von Oken, 10: 475. An incorrect original spelling of Megophrys montana according to Opinion 1763, Anonymous, 1994, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 51: 84-85.

Megophrys Kuhlii Gray, 1825, Ann. Philos., London, Ser. 2, 10: 214. Type(s): Probably NHMUK according to S. Mahony, personal comm. (11 August 2020). Type locality: "Java?". Synonymy by Dubois, 1982, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Sect. A, Zool., 4: 261–280. 

Ceratophrys montanaSchlegel, 1826, Bull. Sci. Nat. Geol., Paris, Ser. 2, 9: 239; Schlegel, 1826, Isis von Oken, 20: 294; Gravenhorst, 1829, Delic. Mus. Zool. Vratislav., 1: 47; Schlegel, 1837, Abbild. Neuer Unvollst. Amph., 1: 29.

Megalophrys montanaWagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 204; Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 6: 458; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 442.

Megalophrys montanaCantor, 1847, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 16: 1061.

Megalophrys montanaBoulenger, 1908, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1908: 407.

Leptobrachium (Megalophrys) montanaBourret, 1927, Fauna Indochine, Vert., 3: 260.

Leptobrachium (Megalophrys) monticolaBourret, 1927, Fauna Indochine, Vert., 3: 260.

Megophrys monticola monticolaInger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 222.

Megophrys (Megophrys) monticolaDubois, 1980, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 49: 472.

Megophrys (Megophrys) montanaDubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 23; Mahony, Foley, Biju, and Teeling, 2017, Mol. Biol. Evol., 34: 754.

Megophrys montanaDelorme, Dubois, Grosjean, and Ohler, 2006, Alytes, 24: 17.

Xenophrys montana — (in error) Chen, Zhou, Poyarkov, Stuart, Brown, Lathrop, Wang, Yuan, Jiang, Hou, Chen, Suwannapoom, Nguyen, Duong, Papenfuss, Murphy, Zhang, and Che, 2017, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 106: 41. Generic assignment in error, corrected to Megophrys montana in corrigendum, Chen, Zhou, Poyarkov, Stuart, Brown, Lathrop, Wang, Yuan, Jiang, Hou, Chen, Suwannapoom, Nguyen, Duong, Papenfuss, Murphy, Zhang, and Che, 2017, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 109: 466). 

English Names

Asian Spadefoot Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 86).

Nose-horned Frog (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 106).

Malayan Leaf Frog (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 106).

Asiatic horned Frog (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 106).

Montane Pelobatid Toad (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 63).

Horned Frog (Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 37).

Distribution

Java and possibly western Sumatra, Indonesia; records from Thailand southeast to Sumatra, Natuna, and Borneo apply to related named and unnamed species.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Indonesia

Endemic: Indonesia

Comment

According to Dubois, 1982, Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Sect. A, Zool., 4: 263-269, this name has priority over Megophrys monticola Kuhl and Van Hasselt, 1822, Isis von Oken, 10: 475, because of the action as first revisor by Gravenhorst, 1829, Delic. Mus. Zool. Vratislav., 1: 47. See account for Javan population in Liem, 1973 "1971", Philipp. J. Sci., 100: 138-140. Berry, 1975, Amph. Fauna Peninsular Malaysia: 39, discussed the Malaysian populations as Megophrys monticola. See account by Iskandar, 1998, Amph. Java Bali: 37-39. See brief account for East Java by Amin, 2020, Frogs of East Java: 46–49. Even though this species is the type of Megophrys, it was found to be imbedded within Xenophrys in the tree of Portik, Streicher, and Wiens, 2023, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 188 (107907): 12, who did not make the taxonomic remedy. 

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