Engystomops Jiménez de la Espada, 1872

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* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
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Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
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Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Leptodactylidae > Subfamily: Leiuperinae > Genus: Engystomops

9 species

Engystomops Jiménez de la Espada, 1872, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., 1: 86. Type species: Engystomops petersi Jiménez de la Espada, 1872, by monotypy.

Microphryne Peters, 1873, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1873: 616. Type species: Paludicola pustulosa Cope 1864, by monotypy. Coined as a subgenus of Bufo. Synonymy with Engystomops by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 275; with Eupemphix by Boulenger, 1888, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 1: 188.

Microphryne — Cope, 1875 "1876", J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, 8: 155. Treatment as a genus.

English Names

Foam Frogs (Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 12).

Distribution

Southern Mexico to northern South America south to Bolivia.

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Physalaemus by Nascimento, Caramaschi, and Cruz, 2005, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 63: 312, where it had been placed by Lynch, 1970, Copeia, 1970: 488-496. Previously placed in the synonymy of Eupemphix by Boettger, 1885, Z. Naturwiss., Halle, 58: 436. Ron, Coloma, and Cannatella, 2005, Herpetologica, 61: 178-198, discussed phylogenetics and call structure of the Physalaemus pustulosus group, which largely corresponds to Engystomops. Funk, Angulo, Caldwell, Ryan, and Cannatella, 2008, Herpetologica, 64: 290-304, suggested that the study by Nascimento, Caramaschi, and Cruz, 2005, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 63: 297-320, did not justify the separation of Physalaemus and Engystomops and noted a manuscript in preparation by D.C. Cannatella to substantiate this statement. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, in their study of Genbank sequences, confirmed the monophyly of Engystomops, its sister-taxon relationship to a clade composed of Physalaemus and Eupemphix, and provided a tree of exemplar species. Funk, Caminer, and Ron, 2011, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci., 279: 1806-1814, suggested that likely five unnamed species exist in Amazonian Ecuador and adjacent Peru, French Guiana, and Amazonian Brazil, based on molecular markers, morphology, and acoustic data. Lourenço, Targueta, Baldo, Nascimento, Garcia, Andrade, Haddad, and Recco-Pimentel, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 92: 204–216, suggested on the basis of molecular data that Engystomops is the sister taxon of Edalorhina.

Contained taxa (9 sp.):

Engystomops coloradorum (Cannatella and Duellman, 1984)

Engystomops freibergi (Donoso-Barros, 1969)

Engystomops guayaco (Ron, Coloma, and Cannatella, 2005)

Engystomops montubio (Ron, Cannatella, and Coloma, 2004)

Engystomops petersi Jiménez de la Espada, 1872

Engystomops pustulatus (Shreve, 1941)

Engystomops pustulosus (Cope, 1864)

Engystomops puyango Ron, Toral, Rivera, and Terán-Valdez, 2010

Engystomops randi (Ron, Cannatella, and Coloma, 2004)

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Amphibian Species of the World 6.0, an Online Reference