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Engystomops Jiménez de la Espada, 1872
Engystomops Jiménez de la Espada, 1872, An. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat., 1: 86. Type species: Engystomops petersi Jiménez de la Espada, 1872, by monotypy.
Microphryne Peters, 1873, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1873: 616. Type species: Paludicola pustulosa Cope 1864, by monotypy. Coined as a subgenus of Bufo. Synonymy with Engystomops by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 275; with Eupemphix by Boulenger, 1888, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 1: 188.
Microphryne — Cope, 1875 "1876", J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, 8: 155. Treatment as a genus.
English Names
Foam Frogs (Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 12).
Distribution
Southern Mexico to northern South America south to Bolivia.
Comment
Removed from the synonymy of Physalaemus by Nascimento, Caramaschi, and Cruz, 2005, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 63: 312, where it had been placed by Lynch, 1970, Copeia, 1970: 488-496. Previously placed in the synonymy of Eupemphix by Boettger, 1885, Z. Naturwiss., Halle, 58: 436. Ron, Coloma, and Cannatella, 2005, Herpetologica, 61: 178-198, discussed phylogenetics and call structure of the Physalaemus pustulosus group, which largely corresponds to Engystomops. Funk, Angulo, Caldwell, Ryan, and Cannatella, 2008, Herpetologica, 64: 290-304, suggested that the study by Nascimento, Caramaschi, and Cruz, 2005, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 63: 297-320, did not justify the separation of Physalaemus and Engystomops and noted a manuscript in preparation by D.C. Cannatella to substantiate this statement. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, in their study of Genbank sequences, confirmed the monophyly of Engystomops, its sister-taxon relationship to a clade composed of Physalaemus and Eupemphix, and provided a tree of exemplar species. Funk, Caminer, and Ron, 2011, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci., 279: 1806-1814, suggested that likely five unnamed species exist in Amazonian Ecuador and adjacent Peru, French Guiana, and Amazonian Brazil, based on molecular markers, morphology, and acoustic data. Lourenço, Targueta, Baldo, Nascimento, Garcia, Andrade, Haddad, and Recco-Pimentel, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 92: 204–216, suggested on the basis of molecular data that Engystomops is the sister taxon of Edalorhina.
Contained taxa (9 sp.):
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