Dendrobatinae Cope, 1865 (1850)

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* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
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Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Dendrobatoidea > Family: Dendrobatidae > Subfamily: Dendrobatinae

58 species

Phyllobatae Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 32. Type genus: Phyllobates Duméril and Bibron, 1841.

Eubaphidae Bonaparte, 1850, Conspect. Syst. Herpetol. Amph.: 1 p. Type genus: Eubaphus Bonaparte, 1831.

Eubaphina — Bonaparte, 1850, Conspect. Syst. Herpetol. Amph.: 1 p.

Hylaplesidae Günther, 1858, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1858: 345. Type genus: Hylaplesia Boie, 1827 (= Hysaplesia Boie, 1826).

Dendrobatidae Cope, 1865, Nat. Hist. Rev., N.S., 5: 100. Type genus: Dendrobates Wagler, 1830.

Hylaplesiina — Günther, 1868, Zool. Rec., 4: 148.

Hylaplesiidae — Cope, 1875, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 1: 8.

Hylaplesiida — Knauer, 1878, Naturgesch. Lurche: 112.

Dendrobatinae — Gadow, 1901, Amphibia and Reptiles: 139, 237. Laurent, 1942, Bull. Mus. R. Hist. Nat. Belg., 18: 1-20.

Phyllobatidae — Parker, 1933, Trop. Agric., Trinidad, 10: 12. Laurent, 1980 "1979", Bull. Soc. Zool. France, 104: 418; Laurent, 1986, in Grassé and Delsol (eds.), Traite de Zool., 14: 656.

Phyllobatinae — Ardila-Robayo, 1979, Caldasia, 12: 385.

Dendrobatoidae — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 309. Epifamily.

English Names

None noted.

Distribution

Nicaragua east to Guianan South America, south to the eastern slopes of the Andes in Bolivia and the lower Amazon Basin in Brazil.

Comment

Roberts, Brown, von May, Arizabal, Presar, Symula, Schulte, and Summers, 2006, Herpetol. J., 16: 377-385, discussed the phylogenetics of this group under the older inclusive name Dendrobates. Brown, Twomey, Amézquita, Souza, Caldwell, Lötters, von May, Melo-Sampaio, Mejía-Vargas, Pérez-Peña, Pepper, Poelman, Sanchez-Rodriguez, and Summers, 2011, Zootaxa, 3083: 1-120, provided a key to the small aposematic species of South America. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, in their study of Genbank sequences, confirmed the monophyly of this taxon and provided a tree of their molecular exemplars. However, they adopted an outdated taxonomy that makes interpreting their results difficult. Grant, Rada, Anganoy-Criollo, Batista, Dias, Jeckel, Machado, and Rueda-Almonacid, 2017, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 12 (Special Issue): 1–90, provided a detailed phylogenetic analysis and revisonary notes on the systematics of the group, discussed the alternative hypotheses in the relationships of the genera and recognized a tribe, Dendrobatini, to include all Dendrobatinae excluding the "Colostethus" ruthveni group.

Contained taxa (58 sp.):

"Colostethus" ruthveni Kaplan, 1997

Adelphobates Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006 (3 sp.)

Andinobates Twomey, Brown, Amézquita, and Mejía-Vargas, 2011 (15 sp.)

Dendrobates Wagler, 1830 (5 sp.)

Excidobates Twomey and Brown, 2008 (3 sp.)

Minyobates Myers, 1987 (1 sp.)

Oophaga Bauer, 1994 (9 sp.)

Phyllobates Bibron, 1840 (5 sp.)

Ranitomeya Bauer, 1986 (16 sp.)

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Amphibian Species of the World 6.0, an Online Reference

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