Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus (Boulenger, 1887)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Ingerophrynus > Species: Ingerophrynus quadriporcatus

Bufo quadriporcatus Boulenger, 1887, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 5, 19: 347. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.21.94 (formerly 86.12.28.41), according to Inger, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 57. Type locality: "within a radius of fifty miles from the town of Malacca", Malaysia (Malaya).

Ingerophrynus quadriporcatusFrost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 365.

English Names

Four-ridged Toad (Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 23; Das, 2007, Amph. Rept. Brunei: 29).

Greater Malacca Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 43).

Swamp Toad (Haas, Das, Hertwig, Bublies, and Schulz-Schaeffer, 2022, Guide to the Tadpoles of Borneo: 249).

Distribution

Malaya; Singapore; Borneo (Sabah, Brunei, Sarawak, and Kalimantan, Indonesia); Bunguran and Pulau Tiga Is. (Natuna Is.); Sumatra.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Malaysia, East (Sarawak and/or Sabah), Malaysia, West (Peninsular), Singapore

Comment

In the former Bufo biporcatus group of Inger, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 107. See Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 180–181, and Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 63-66, for review. See also Berry, 1975, Amph. Fauna Peninsular Malaysia: 52, and Lim and Lim, 1992, Guide Amph. Rept. Singapore: 123–124, for brief accounts. Singapore record provided by Lim, 2002, Raffles Bull. Zool., 37: 170. See brief account and photo by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 35–36. Leong and Tan, 2003, Herpetol. Rev., 34: 161, reported the species for Brunei. Das, 2007, Amph. Rept. Brunei: 29, provided a photograph and a brief account (as Bufo quadriporcatus). Grismer, Chan, Grismer, Wood, and Ahmad, 2010, Russ. J. Herpetol., 17: 147–160, reported localities from the Banjaran Bintang Mountains, northwestern peninsular Malaysia. Haas, Das, Hertwig, Bublies, and Schulz-Schaeffer, 2022, Guide to the Tadpoles of Borneo: 249–251, summarized the knowledge of habitat, reproduction, larval morphology and coloration. Herlambang, Riyanto, Munir, Hamidy, Kimura, Eto, and Mumpuni, 2022, Treubia, 49: 78,  reported the species from Bungaran and Pulau Tiga Is., Natuna Is., Indonesia. Figueroa, Low, and Lim, 2023, Zootaxa, 5287: 1–378, provided records, literature, and conservation status for Singapore. 

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