Pristimantis w-nigrum (Boettger, 1892)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Strabomantidae > Subfamily: Pristimantinae > Genus: Pristimantis > Species: Pristimantis w-nigrum

Hylodes w-nigrum Boettger, 1892, Kat. Batr. Samml. Mus. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges.: 28. Syntypes: SMF 1212 (2 specimens) (formerly 1212.2a, according to Boettger, 1892, Kat. Batr. Samml. Mus. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges.: vi); SMF 3818 (formerly 1212.2a) designated lectotype by Mertens, 1967, Senckenb. Biol., 48(A): 39. Type locality: "Zurucuchu, West-Anden von Cuenca in 3000–3500 m [Azuay Province,] Ecuador".

Hylodes buergeri Werner, 1899, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 49: 476. Syntypes: Including BMNH 1947.2.15.71 (formerly 1900.2.7.4), according to Lynch and Duellman, 1980, Misc. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 69: 61, who regarded this as likely the sole surviving syntype. Häupl and Tiedemann, 1978, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 2: 21, and Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 25, considered NHMW 22909 (Alto de Sibaté) as surviving syntype. Böhme and Bischoff, 1984, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 19: 167, reported as the holotype a specimen in the ZFMK (formerly ZIUG), as did Böhme, 2014, Mertensiella, 21: 86, who considered the ZFMK specimen lost. Type localities: "Alto von Sibaté (2800 m) bei Bogotá, . . . [and] Fusagasugá", Colombia. Synonymy by Cochran and Goin, 1970, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 288: 395. (Formerly included in the synonymy of Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus by Boulenger, 1900, Zool. Rec., 36: 28.)

Eleutherodactylus buergeriStejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Dunn, 1944, Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat., 6: 73.

Eleutherodactylus w-nigrumStejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Peters, 1955, Rev. Ecuat. Entomol. Parsitol., 2: 337.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) w-nigrumLynch, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154; Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 234.

Pristimantis w-nigrumHeinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Pristimantis (Hypodictyon) wnigrumHedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 116.

English Names

Zurucuchu Robber Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 80).

W Rainfrog (Arteaga-Navarro, Bustamante, and Guayasamin, 2013, Amph. Rept. Mindo: 89). 

W Cutin (Freile, Coloma, Terán-Valdez, Acosta-López, Tapia, and Pazmiño-Otamendi, 2020, Anfibios de Junín: 54).

Distribution

Lower montane and cloud forest at 800–3300 m elevation on both Pacific and Amazonian slopes of the Andes in Colombia, Ecuador, and extreme northern Peru.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Comment

See account by Cochran and Goin, 1970, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 288: 395–397. See account by Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 145–146, who place this in the Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) conspicillatus series, Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus group. Lynch and Renjifo, 2001, Guia Anf. Rept. Bogota: 58, presented a brief account and photograph. Lehr and Aguilar, 2004, Herpetol. Rev., 35: 184, provided the Peruvian record. Almendáriz C. and Orcés, 2004, Rev. Politécnica, Quito, 25: 131–132, provided distributional data for Ecuador. Duellman and Lehr, 2007, Sci. Pap. Nat. Hist. Mus. Univ. Kansas, 39: 1–13, briefly discussed the range. Mueses-Cisneros, 2005, Caldasia, 27: 237, provided records for Putumayo, Colombia. In the Pristimantis (Hypodictyon) rubicundus group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 116. In the Pristimantis ridens species group of Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 126. See note by Guayasamin and Funk, 2009, Zootaxa, 2220: 41–66, on this species at the Yanayacu Biological Station, Napo, Ecuador. See Duellman and Lehr, 2009, Terrest.-breeding Frogs in Peru: 130–131, for brief account. Kieswetter and Schneider, 2013, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 69: 417–429, reported on molecular phylogeography and found deep divergences that are geographically significant.  Arteaga-Navarro, Bustamante, and Guayasamin, 2013, Amph. Rept. Mindo: 89–91, provided an account and dot map for Ecuador. Palacio Baena, Muñoz Escobar, Gallo Delgado, and Rivera-Correa, 2006, Anfibios y Reptiles del Valle de Aburrá: 48–50, provided a brief account and photograph. See Freile, Coloma, Terán-Valdez, Acosta-López, Tapia, and Pazmiño-Otamendi, 2020, Anfibios de Junín: 54–55, for brief account for Junín, Ecuador (identification, call, habitat, range and photograph). 

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