Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pristimantis incertus (Lutz, 1927)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Strabomantidae > Subfamily: Pristimantinae > Genus: Pristimantis > Species: Pristimantis incertus

Hylodes incertus Lutz, 1927, Mem. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 20: 48, pl. 8, figs. 29, 30. Holotype: Specimen figured in publication, plate 13, figs. 29, 30; possibly MNRJ according to J.D. Lynch in Frost, 1985, Amph. Species World: 270; noted by Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic, and Señaris, 2019, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 13 (1: e180): 117, as AL-MNRJ 1190. Type locality: Not stated, although if Hylodes incertus and Hylodes anonymus represent the same animal the type locality presumably is the same as that stated for Hylodes anonymus.

Hylodes anonymus Lutz, 1927, Mem. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 20: 40, 55. Types: Not designated, although presumably the same specimen as the holotype of Hylodes incertus. Type locality: "reservoir of Mamo near La Guaira", Venezuela. Nomen nudum. Apparently published as a synonym of, or lapsus for, Eleutherodactylus incertus—DRF.

Eleutherodactylus terraebolivaris Rivero, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 126: 58. Holotype: MCZ 31062, by original designation. Type locality: "Rancho Grande, Edo. Aragua", Venezuela. Synonymy by Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic, and Señaris, 2019, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 13 (1: e180): 1.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) terraebolivaris — Lynch, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154; Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 233.

Eleutherodactylus anonymus —Lynch In Frost, 1985, Amph. Species World: 270.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) anonymus — Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 220.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) insertus — Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 226. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Pristimantis incertus — Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Pristimantis terraebolivaris — Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Pristimantis (Pristimantis) terraebolivaris — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120.

English Names

Secret Robber Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 72).

Distribution

Central Cordillera de la Costa in Aragua, Carabobo, Distrito Capital, Miranda, and Vargas States, and western Cordillera de la Costa in Nirgua massif, Yaracuy State, Venezuela, 20–1500 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Venezuela

Endemic: Venezuela

Comment

In the Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) conspicillatus series, Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus group according to Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 233 (as Pristimantis terraebolivaris). Colombian specimens (as Eleutherodactylus terraebolivaris) referred by Cochran and Goin, 1970, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 288: 395, refer to other species. Kaiser, Green, and Schmid, 1994, Canad. J. Zool., 72: 2217-2237, discussed the phylogenetic relationships of this species (as Pristimantis terraebolivaris). Records from Tobago apply to Eleutherodactylus charlottevillensis. In the Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus group according to the original publication. Barrio-Amorós, 1999 "1998", Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 18: 55, commented on the Venezuelan distribution and misidentifications in the literature. In the Pristimantis conspicillatus species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120, and Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 125. Hylodes incertus considered a nomen dubium by Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 220. See account for Hylodes incertus by Barrio-Amorós, 1999 "1998", Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 18: 1-93. See Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic, and Señaris, 2019, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 13 (1: e180): 117, for comments on range, taxonomy, and literature.

External links:

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For access to general information see Wikipedia
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To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.