Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Pristimantis achatinus (Boulenger, 1898)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Strabomantidae > Subfamily: Pristimantinae > Genus: Pristimantis > Species: Pristimantis achatinus

Hylodes achatinus Boulenger, 1898, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1898: 120. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.15.69 (formerly 1898.4.28.106), according to J.D. Lynch in Frost, 1985, Amph. Species World: 267. Type locality: "Cachabé [= Cachabí], a small village on the river of that name . . . , Prov. Esmeraldas . . . about 500 feet above the sea", Ecuador. Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 515, discussed this locality and noted that it is not the same as San Javier de Cachabí.

Eleutherodactylus achatinus — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Peters, 1955, Rev. Ecuat. Entomol. Parsitol., 2: 339.

Hylodes pagmae Fowler, 1913, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 65: 153–176. Holotype: ANSP 18244 by original designation. Type locality: "Pagma Forest in the Chanchan River basin, province of Chimborazo, Ecuador". Synonymy by Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 509–516.

Eleutherodactylus brederi Dunn, 1934, Am. Mus. Novit., 747: 1–2. Holotype: AMNH 40523, by original designation. Type locality: "Chalichiman's Creek, Darien, Panama, 'a small mountain tributary draining into the Chucurti or Sucubti. It is close to the Continental Divide, just back of Caledonia Bay, and drains in the Chucunaque system'". Synonymy by Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 509–516.

Eleutherodactylus pagmae — Peters, 1955, Rev. Ecuat. Entomol. Parsitol., 2: 350.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) achatinus — Lynch, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154; Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 229.

Pristimantis achatinus — Heinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2; Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 125.

Pristimantis (Pristimantis) achatinus — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120. See comment under Pristimantis regarding subgenera.

English Names

Cachabi Robber Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 72).

Pastures Rainfrog (Arteaga-Navarro, Bustamante, and Guayasamin, 2013, Amph. Rept. Mindo: 55).

Agate Cutin (Freile, Coloma, Terán-Valdez, Acosta-López, Tapia, and Pazmiño-Otamendi, 2020, Anfibios de Junín: 32).

Distribution

Extreme eastern Panama south through the Chocoan lowlands of Colombia to El Oro Province in southern western Ecuador, 0 to 2700 m elevation; also in the Cauca and Magdalena Valleys of Colombia.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Colombia, Ecuador, Panama

Comment

Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 509–516, discussed the species and noted that it might be composed of cryptic species recognizable on call structure. See account by Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 63–66. In the Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) conspicillatus series, Eleutherodactylus conspicillatus group of Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 219. In the Pristimantis conspicillatus species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 120, and Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 125. Arteaga-Navarro, Bustamante, and Guayasamin, 2013, Amph. Rept. Mindo: 55–57, provided an account and dot map for Ecuador. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 140–191, provided a key to the genera and species of Brachycephaloidea (= Craugastoridae, Eleutherodactylidae) in Central America and provided maps and photographs of the species, including this one. See account and dot range map provided by Rojas-Rivera, Gutiérrez-Cárdenas, and Cortés-Bedoya, 2013, Catal. Anf. Rept. Colombia, Medellín, 1: 35–44. See Freile, Coloma, Terán-Valdez, Acosta-López, Tapia, and Pazmiño-Otamendi, 2020, Anfibios de Junín: 32–33, for brief account for Junín, Ecuador (identification, call, habitat, range and photograph). Armijos-Ojeda, Székely, Székely, Cogǎlniceanu, Cisneros-Heredia, Ordóñez-Delgado, Escudero, and Espinosa, 2021, ZooKeys, 1063: 40, provided a dot map for western Ecuador. In the Pristimantis conspicillatus group, Pristimantis conspicillatus clade of Fouquet, Réjaud, Rodrigues, Ron, Chaparro, Osorno-Muñoz, Werneck, Hrbek, Lima, Camacho-Badani, Jaramillo-Martinez, and Chave, 2022, Syst. Biodiversity, 20(1: 2130464): 1–16, who reported on phylogenetics and biogeography, and noted this nominal species to be composed of at least five lineage-species.

External links:

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

For access to general information see Wikipedia
For additional sources of general information from other websites search Google
For access to relevant technical literature search Google Scholar
For images search CalPhoto Images and Google Images
To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For additional information specific to Ecuador see FaunaWebEcuador: Anfibios del Ecuador
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.