Rhinatrema nigrum Dunn, 1942

Class: Amphibia > Order: Gymnophiona > Family: Rhinatrematidae > Genus: Rhinatrema > Species: Rhinatrema nigrum

Rhinatrema nigrum Dunn, 1942, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 91: 458-459. Holotype: AMNH (now lost); MBUCV 5360 designated neotype by Taylor, 1968, Caecilians of the World: 209. Type locality: "Arundabara, British Guiana [=Guyana], elevation 2200 feet" (see comment by MacCulloch and Lathrop, 2009, R. Ontario Mus. Contrib. Sci., 4: 16-17); locality of neotype is "El Dorado, Bolívar, Venezuela".

Epicrionops nigrusTaylor, 1968, Caecilians of the World: 209. Incorrect subsequent spelling of species name.

Epicrionops nigerBarrio-Amorós, 1999 "1998", Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 18: 63.

Rhinatrema nigrum — Maciel, Sampaio, Hoogmoed, and Schneider, 2018, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 13 287. 

English Names

Black Caecilian (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 25).

Distribution

West-central Guyana to northeastern Venezuela; presumably in adjacent Brazil. See comment. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Guyana, Venezuela

Comment

MacCulloch and Lathrop, 2009, R. Ontario Mus. Contrib. Sci., 4: 16-17, commented on specimens from Mount Ayanganna, Guyana. See comment under Epicrionops. Donnelly and Wake, 2013, Copeia, 2013: 224-228, discussed new specimens from Guyana and commented on the range. Señaris, Lampo, Rojas-Runjaic, and Barrio-Amorós, 2014, Guía Ilust. Anf. Parque Nac. Canaima: 248–249, provided a photograph and a brief account (as Epicrionops niger) for the Parque Nacional de Canaima, Venezuela. Moraes, Almeida, Fraga, Rojas-Zamora, Pirani, Silva, Carvalho, Gordo, and Werneck, 2017, ZooKeys, 715: 103–159, noted a specimen from the Serra da Mocidade in the Guiana Shield region of northern Brazil, similar to this species but genetically distinct, presumably representing an unnamed species. Maciel, Sampaio, Hoogmoed, and Schneider, 2018, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 13: 287–299, returned the species to Rhinatrema after finding it phylogenetically imbedded within that genus. Maciel, Sampaio, Hoogmoed, and Schneider, 2018, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 13: 287–299, reported on phylogenetic relationships and mapped the range. See Barrio-Amorós, Rojas-Runjaic, and Señaris, 2019, Amph. Rept. Conserv., 13 (1: e180): 133, for comments on range and literature, as Epicrionops nigerSeñaris and Rojas-Runjaic, 2020, in Rull and Carnaval (eds.), Neotrop. Divers. Patterns Process.: 571–632, commented on range and conservation status in the Venezuelan Guayana.   

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