Triturus macedonicus (Karaman, 1922)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Salamandridae > Subfamily: Pleurodelinae > Genus: Triturus > Species: Triturus macedonicus

Molge karelinii var. macedonica Karaman, 1922, Glasn. Naucni Casopis za Prirodne Nauke, Zagreb, 34: 280. Syntypes: Deposition not stated. Type locality: "Ohrid", Republic of Macedonia.

Triturus carnifex macedonicus — Arntzen and Wallis, 1999, Bijdr. Dierkd., 68: 181–203, by implication.

Triturus macedonicus — Arntzen, Espregueira Themudo, and Wielstra, 2007, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam, 76: 275.

Triturus (Triturus) macedonicus — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 67.

Triturus cristatus carnifex var. albanicus Dely, 1959, Ann. Hist. Nat. Mus. Natl. Hungarici, 51: 445. Holotype: MNH 58.819.1 (no: cr 4), by original designation. Type locality: "Mali me Grope Stanet e Shen Merise (Albania)". Unavailable tetranominal.

Triturus karelinii arntzeni Litvinchuk, Borkin, Džukić and Kalezić in Litvinchuk, Borkin, Džukić, Kalezić, Khalturin, and Rosanov, 1999, Russ. J. Herpetol., 6: 159. Holotype: ZISP 6121, by original designation. Type locality: "vicinity of the village Vrtovac (43° 25´ N, 22° 28´ E, UTM FP10), altitude 400 m above sea level", Serbia. Synonymy by Wielstra, Litvinchuk, Naumov, Tzankov, and Arntzen, 2013, Zootaxa, 3682 : 443. Consideration as a hybrid population of Triturus macedonicus X Triturus ivanbureschi by Wielstra and Arntzen, 2014, Zootaxa, 3802: 381. 

Triturus (Triturus) karelinii arntzeni — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 67. See comment above. 

Triturus arntzeni — Espregueira Themudo, Wielstra, and Arntzen, 2009, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 52: 328. See comment above. 

Trturus (Triturus) macedonicus — Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 376. 

English Names

Macedonian Crested Newt (Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok, and Van Der Voort, 2016, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Brit. Eur.: 97). 

Distribution

Eastern Bosnia-Herzegovina, central and southern Serbia, Montenegro, central and western North Macedonia and Albania to northeastern Bulgaria, south into northwestern and central Greece.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Greece, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia

Comment

Arntzen, Espregueira Themudo, and Wielstra, 2007, Contrib. Zool., Amsterdam, 76: 261–278, distinguished Triturus arntzeni from Triturus carnifex and provided an account. Triturus arntzeni was reviewed by Jehle, Thiesmeier, and Foster, 2011, The Crested Newt.: 1–152. Stojanov, Tzankov, and Naumov, 2011, Die Amph. Rept. Bulgariens: 126–130, provided a fairly detailed account of Triturus arntzeni and range map for Bulgaria. Wielstra and Arntzen, 2011, BMC Evol. Biol., 11(162): 1–8, reported ln the molecular phylogenetics of the species and its near relatives. Wielstra and Arntzen, 2012, BMC Evol. Biol., 12(161): 1–12, discussed the mtDNA introgression between Triturus macedonicus and Triturus karelinii. Espregueira Themudo, Wielstra, and Arntzen, 2009, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 52: 321–328, noted that the contact zone with Triturus karelini is not well-understood and may be in European Turkey or in western Anatolia. See comments under Triturus karelini. Valakos, Pafilis, Sotiropoulos, Lymberakis, Maragou, and Foufopoulos, 2008, Amph. Rept. Greece: 159–162, provided an account for Greece (as Triturus carnifex). Wielstra, Espregueira Themudo, Güçlü, Olgun, Poyarkov, and Arntzen, 2010, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 56: 888–896, reported on the phylogeography of this species along with its sister taxon, Triturus karelinii, and supported its distinctiveness. Arntzen and Wielstra, 2010, Amphibia-Reptilia, 31: 311–322, discussed the taxonomic recognition of this species. Reviewed by Jehle, Thiesmeier, and Foster, 2011, The Crested Newt.: 1–152. Stojanov, Tzankov, and Naumov, 2011, Die Amph. Rept. Bulgariens: 110–119, provided a fairly detailed account (as Triturus karelini) and range map for Bulgaria. Wielstra and Arntzen, 2014, Zootaxa, 3802: 381–388, considered Triturus arntzeni as a hybrid population of Triturus macedonicus X Triturus ivanbureschi. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 132, provided a brief account, photo, and map.  Wielstra, Sillero, Vörös, and Arntzen, 2014, Amphibia-Reptilia, 35: 376–381, provided a dot map. Arntzen, Wielstra, and Wallis, 2014, Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 113: 604–622, reported on hybrid/contact zones with Triturus cristatus, Triturus carnifex, Triturus dobrogicus, and Triturus ivanbureschi. Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok, and Van Der Voort, 2016, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Brit. Eur.: 97–101, provided a brief account and distribution map. Szabolcs, Mizsei, Jablonski, Vági, Mester, Végvári, and Lengyel, 2017, Amphibia-Reptilia, 38: 435–448, provided a dot map and discussion of range in Albania. See Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 136, for brief summary of identifying morphology and biology, a range map, as well as a photograph. Gvozdenović and Iković, 2022, Nat. Montenegrina, Podgorica, 14: 95, included this species in the Montenegro fauna. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 376–377, provided an account, summarizing systematics, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map). Danelis, Theodoropoulos, Toli, Bounas, Korakis, and Sotiropoulos, 2023, Diversity, 15 (671): 1–18, discussed mtDNA phylogeography and conservation units. Gaczorek, Marszałek, Dudek, Arntzen, Wielstra, and Babik, 2023, Mol. Ecol., 32: 867–880, reported on introgression of the MHC gene across hybrid zones with Triturus cristatus and Triturus ivanbureschi.   

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