Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Eurycea tynerensis Moore and Hughes, 1939

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Plethodontidae > Subfamily: Hemidactyliinae > Genus: Eurycea > Species: Eurycea tynerensis

Eurycea tynerensis Moore and Hughes, 1939, Am. Midl. Nat., 22: 697. Syntypes: 30 not designated, but according to museum records these include USNM 108548 (12 specimens), UMMZ 85534 (5 specimens), MCZ 25533 (1 specimen formerly UMMZ), OKMNH 21325 (formerly UMMZ) (7 specimens), CAS-SU 4778, OSUS (6 specimens, now apparently lost), and CM 18525, according to Tighe, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 654: 34. Type locality: "Tyner Creek, a tributary of Barron Fork Creek near Proctor, Adair County, Oklahoma", USA.

Eurycea griseogaster Moore and Hughes, 1941, Copeia, 1941: 139. Holotype: FMNH 37832, by original designation. Type locality: "Swimmer's Creek, near its junction with the Illinois River, 10 miles north of Gore, Sequoyah County, Oklahoma", USA. Synonymy by Bonett and Chippindale, 2004, Mol. Ecol., 13: 1198.

Eurycea griseogaster — Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 418.

Eurycea multiplicata griseogaster — Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 55.

Eurycea (Eurycea) tynerensis — Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 184.

Eurycea (Typhlotriton) tynerensis — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2012, Alytes, 28: 144.

English Names

Oklahoma Neotenic Salamander (Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 444; Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 55).

Oklahoma Salamander (Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 174; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 292; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 6; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 31; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 7; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 23; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 13; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 27; Powell, Conant, and Collins, 2016, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. North Am., 4th ed.: 59; Highton, Bonett, and Jockusch, 2017, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 43: 28).

Gray-bellied Salamander (Eurycea griseogaster [no longer recognized]: Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 418).

Grey-bellied Salamander (Eurycea multiplicata griseogaster [no longer recognized]: Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 54; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 174; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 290).

Graybelly Salamander (Eurycea multiplicata griseogaster [no longer recognized]: Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 6; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 31; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 7).

Distribution

Ozark Plateau of southwestern Missouri, extreme southeastern Kansas, northern Arkansas, and northeastern Oklahoma, USA.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: United States of America, United States of America - Arkansas, United States of America - Kansas, United States of America - Missouri, United States of America - Oklahoma

Endemic: United States of America

Comment

See accounts by Dundee, 1965, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 22: 1–2, and Petranka, 1998, Salamand. U.S. Canada: 278–279. Cline and Tumlison, 2001, Proc. Oklahoma Acad. Sci., 81: 1–10, discussed the range and habitat of this species. Bonett and Chippindale, 2004, Mol. Ecol., 13: 1198, noted that this taxon is almost surely a complex of species. Chippindale, 2005, in Lannoo (ed.), Amph. Declines: 767–769, provided a detailed account that summarized the biology and conservation literature. See discussion by Bonett and Chippindale, 2006, BMC Biol., 4(6): 1–6, regarding morphological variation. See statement of geographic range, habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 639. Bonett, Steffen, Lambert, Wiens, and Chippindale, 2014 "2013", Evolution, 68: 473, provided a molecular tree that suggests multiple lineages within this nominal species, and that this clade is the sister taxon of Eurycea spelaea. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 243–244, provided a brief account, photograph, and map. Altig and McDiarmid, 2015, Handb. Larval Amph. US and Canada: 118–119, provided an account of larval morphology and biology. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 539–541, provided an account, summarizing systematics, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map). Tighe, 2022, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 654: 32–33, noted the current location of types of Erycea griseogaster and (p. 34) Eurycea tynerensis.

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To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
For information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.