Pelophryne guentheri (Boulenger, 1882)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Pelophryne > Species: Pelophryne guentheri

Nectophryne guentheri Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 280. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.19.28 (formerly 1872.2.19.27), according to Inger, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 73. Type locality: "Matang", Sarawak, Malaysia (Borneo).

Pedostibes guentheriGünther, 1895, Novit. Zool., 2: 501.

Nectophryne macrotis Boulenger, 1895, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 16: 171. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.19.43 (formerly 1895.7.2.36) according to Inger, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 73. Barbour, 1938, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 51: 193, apparently in error referenced two syntypes in the BMNH. Type locality: "Akar River", Sarawak, Malaysia (Borneo). Synonymy by Inger and Stuebing, 2009, Raffles Bull. Zool., 57: 532.

Nectophryne güntheriNieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 155. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Pelophryne guentheriBarbour, 1938, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 51: 193.

Pelophryne macrotisBarbour, 1938, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 51: 193.

English Names

Gunther's [sic] Flathead Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 45).

Günther's Dwarf Toad (Das, Jankowski, Makmor, and Haas, 2007, Mitt. Hamburg. Zool. Mus. Inst., 104: 148).

Boulenger's Flathead Toad (Pelophryne macrotis [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 45).

Distribution

Lowlands of southwestern and northeastern Sarawak, Malaysia (Borneo); presumably in adjacent southwestern Sabah (Malaysia) and northeastern Kalimantan, Indonesia; Serasan I., Natuna Is., Indonesia. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Malaysia, Malaysia, East (Sarawak and/or Sabah)

Endemic: Malaysia, Malaysia, East (Sarawak and/or Sabah)

Comment

See brief account by Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 158–159. See identification table by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 26, to compare this species with others in the Sunda Shelf region. Das, Jankowski, Makmor, and Haas, 2007, Mitt. Hamburg. Zool. Mus. Inst., 104: 148, provided a brief description. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 202. Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 81, regarded Pelophryne macrotis as doubtfully distinct from Pelophryne guentheri and this was formalized by Inger and Stuebing, 2009, Raffles Bull. Zool., 57: 532. See account (as Bufo macrotis) by Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 169–170. Chan and Grismer, 2019, BMC Evol. Biol., 19(95): 3, suggested that the sequence divergence between this species and Parapelophryne api is so low (below 3%) that they may be conspecific. Herlambang, Riyanto, Munir, Hamidy, Kimura, Eto, and Mumpuni, 2022, Treubia, 49: 78,  reported the species from Serasan I., Natuna Is., Indonesia. 

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