Strabomantis sulcatus (Cope, 1874)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Strabomantidae > Subfamily: Strabomantinae > Genus: Strabomantis > Species: Strabomantis sulcatus

Hylodes sulcatus Cope, 1874, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 26: 126. Holotype: ANSP 11385, according to Malnate, 1971, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 123: 353. Type locality: "Nauta", Departamento Loreto, Peru.

Eleutherodactylus macrocephalusStejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Peters, 1955, Rev. Ecuat. Entomol. Parsitol., 2: 348.

Hylodes macrocephalus Peracca, 1904, Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. Univ. Torino, 19 (465): 29. Syntypes: MZUT 206 (2 specimens); larger specimen designated lectotype by Lynch, 1975, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 38: 1–46. Type locality: "Valle Santiago", Morona-Santiago Province, Ecuador. Synonymy by Lynch, 1975, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 38: 33.

Ctenocranius koki Melin, 1941, Göteborgs K. Vetensk. Vitterh. Samh. Handl., Ser. B, 1: 49. Holotype: NHMG 494, according to Duellman and Lehr, 2009, Terrest.-breeding Frogs in Peru: 264. Type locality: "Taracuá, Rio Uaupés, [Estado Amazonas,] Brazil". Synonymy by Lynch, 1975, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 38: 33.

Eleutherodactylus kokiMyers, 1962, Copeia, 1962: 198, by implication.

Eleutherodactylus sulcatusGorham, 1966, Das Tierreich, 85: 103.

Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) sulcatusLynch, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154; Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 233.

Limnophys sulcatusHeinicke, Duellman, and Hedges, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Suppl. Inform., 104: Table 2.

Strabomantis sulcatusHedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 131.

English Names

Nauta Robber Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 79).

Distribution

Upper Amazon basin (150–1100 m) in western Brazil, eastern Ecuador, and eastern Peru, into Amazonian southern Colombia (Caquetá, Vaupés, and Amazonas); expected in northern Bolivia. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru

Likely/Controversially Present: Bolivia

Comment

In the Eleutherodactylus (Eleutherodactylus) sulcatus series, Eleutherodactylus sulcatus group according to Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 233. See account by Lynch, 1975, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 38: 1–46. Duellman, 1978, Misc. Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 65: 102–103, provided a brief account and characterization of the call. Rodríguez and Duellman, 1994, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 22: 61, provided a brief account for the Iquitos region of northeastern Peru as Eleutherodactylus sulcatus. See account by Lynch, 1997, Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat., 21: 366. In the Strabomantis biporcatus species series, Strabomantis cornutus species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 131. Malambo-L. and Madrid-Ordóñez, 2008, Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. Exact. Fis. Nat., 32: 285–289, provided a record for Municipio de Florencia, Cauquetá, Colombia, and briefly outlined the range in Colombia. See Duellman and Lehr, 2009, Terrest.-breeding Frogs in Peru: 264, for brief account. See brief account for the Manu region, Peru, by Villacampa-Ortega, Serrano-Rojas, and Whitworth, 2017, Amph. Manu Learning Cent.: 104–105. Metcalf, Marsh, Torres Pacaya, Graham, and Gunnels, 2020, Herpetol. Notes, 13: 753–767, reported the species from the Santa Cruz Forest Reserve, Loreto, northeastern Peru. Moraes, Rainha, Werneck, Oliveira, Gascon, and Carvalho, 2022, Pap. Avulsos Zool., São Paulo, 62(e202262054): 23–24, discussed specimens from the Reserva Extrativista do Baixo Juruá, Amazonas, Brazil. Gagliardi-Urrutia, García Dávila, Jaramillo-Martinez, Rojas-Padilla, Rios-Alva, Aguilar-Manihuari, Pérez-Peña, Castroviejo-Fisher, Simões, Estivals, Guillen Huaman, Castro Ruiz, Angulo Chávez, Mariac, Duponchelle, and Renno, 2022, Anf. Loreto: 194–195, provided a brief account, photograph, dot map, and genetic barcode for Loreto, Peru. 

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