Tylototriton asperrimus Unterstein, 1930

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Salamandridae > Subfamily: Pleurodelinae > Genus: Tylototriton > Species: Tylototriton asperrimus

Tylototriton asperrimus Unterstein, 1930, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1930: 314. Syntypes: ZMB (2 specimens); ZMB 34089 considered holotype (apparently one of the original syntypes) by Bauer, Good, and Günther, 1993, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 69: 298. Type locality: "Kwangsi"; corrected to "Yao Shan [= Mt. Yao], Kwangsi Prov. [= Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region], China" by Bauer, Good, and Günther, 1993, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 69: 298. Fan, 1931, Bull. Dept. Biol. Coll. Sci. Sun Yatsen Univ., 11: 1–154, provided evidence that the type locality is or near to the town of Loshiang.

Tylototriton (Echinotriton) asperrimusZhao and Hu, 1984, Stud. Chinese Tailed Amph.: 19.

Tylototriton asperrimus asperrimusFei, Ye, and Yang, 1984, Acta Zool. Sinica, 30: 89.

Pleurodeles (Tylototrion) asperrimus asperrimusRisch, 1985, J. Bengal Nat. Hist. Soc., N.S.,, 4: 142.

Pleurodeles (Echinotriton) asperrimusDubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 11.

Echinotriton asperrimusZhao, 1990, in Zhao (ed.), From Water onto Land: 219; Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 9.

Echinotriton asperrimus asperrimusZhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 112.

Tylototriton asperrimusNussbaum, Brodie, and Yang, 1995, Herpetologica, 51: 265.

Tylototriton (Yaotriton) asperrimusDubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 68.

Yaotriton asperrimus — Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 88; Dubois, Ohler, and Pyron, 2021, Megataxa, 5: 408.

English Names

Mount Yao Newt (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 35).

Black Knobby Newt (Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 40).

Granular Newt (Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 9).

Dayasoshan Crocodile Newt (Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 281).

Distribution

In isolated populations in Guangxi (Darongshan, Huanjiang, Longsheng, Xincheng, Yaoshan, Yulin, and Napo counties) and western Guangdong (Xinyi County), China, 400 to 1400 m elevation. See comment. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of

Endemic: China, People's Republic of

Comment

See accounts by Fang and Chang, 1932, Sinensia, Nanking, 2: 117-121; Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China 72; and Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 40. See also Liu, Hu, Fei, and Huang, 1973, Acta Zool. Sinica, 19: 394. Deng and Yu, 1984, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, Chengdu, N.S.,, 3 (2): 75-77, recognize a subspecies in Sichuan. Nussbaum, Brodie, and Yang, 1995, Herpetologica, 51: 265, discussed reasons for transferring this species from Echinotriton to TylototritonZhang and Wen, 2000, Amph. Guangxi: 21, provided an account for population in Guangxi, China.Bain and Nguyen, 2004, Am. Mus. Novit., 3453: 9, provided the record for Ha Giang Province, Vietnam (although these records may now be reassigned to another species). Nguyen, Ho, and Nguyen, 2005, Checklist Amph. Rept. Vietnam: 9, provided specific records for Vietnam and (p. 147) provided a photograph. In the Tylototriton asperrimus group of Fei, Ye, Huang, Jiang, and Xie, 2005, in Fei et al. (eds.), Illust. Key Chinese Amph.: 42 (although they only addressed Chinese species). Böhme, Schöttler, Nguyen, and Köhler, 2005, Salamandra, 41:218-219, discussed previous confusion in Vietnam of Tylototriton asperrimus and Tylototriton vietnamensis and noted that the record for Tam Dao, northern Vietnam, may actually be referable to Tylototriton hainanensis. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2006, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 1: 257-261, provided an account. See statement of geographic range, habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 643. Nguyen, Nguyen, Hồ, Le, and Nguyen, 2009, Tạp chí Công nghệ Sinh học, 7: 325-333, discussed the species in Vietnam. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 72-73, provided a brief account including photographs of specimens and habitat. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 88–89, provided an account, photographs, and a map that excluded Vietnam from the range. A record for Thuong Tien Nature Reserve, Hoa Binh Province, in northern Vietnam, reported by Luu, Le, Do, Hoang, Nguyen, Bonkowski, and Ziegler, 2014, Herpetol. Notes, 7: 51–58. Sparreboom, 2014, Salamanders Old World: 358–359, reviewed the biology, characteristics, distribution, reproduction, and conservation of the species. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 186–186, provided a brief account, photograph, and map. Fei and Ye, 2016, Amph. China, 1: 292–294, provided an account (as Yaotriton asperrimus), photographs, and range map. Li, 2011, Amph. Rept. Guangdong: 16, provided a brief account for Guangdong, China, and photograph. Wang, Nishikawa, Matsui, Nguyen, Xie, Li, Khatiwada, Zhang, Gong, Mo, Wei, Chen, Shen, Yang, Xiong, and Jiang, 2018, PeerJ, 6(e4384): 5, presented an mtDNA tree suggesting a polyphyletic Tylototriton asperrimus (at least of mtDNA matrilines), with lineage 1 being the sister of Tylototriton notialis, and lineage 2 being the sister of Tylototriton hainanensisBernardes, Le, Nguyen, Pham, Pham, Nguyen, Rödder, Bonkowski, and Ziegler, 2020, ZooKeys, 935: 121–164, excluded all records from Vietnam as referable to other species. Records from Libo County, Ghizhou Province, China are now referred to Tylototriton maolanensis. In the Tylototriton (Yaotritonasperrimus species group of Poyarkov, Nguyen, and Arkhipov, 2021, Taprobanica, 10: 4–22, who discussed phylogenetics. In the Tylototriton asperrimus group of Lyu, Wang, Zeng, Zhou, Qi, Wan, Li, and Wang, 2021, Vert. Zool., Senckenberg, 71: 697–710, who discussed phylogenetics. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 281–282, provided an account, summarizing systematics (including suggesting that the southeastern Guangxi population may actually be referrable to Tylototriton sini, life history, population status, and distribution (including a polygon map).  

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