Salamandrella keyserlingii Dybowski, 1870

Class: Amphibia > Order: Caudata > Family: Hynobiidae > Subfamily: Hynobiinae > Genus: Salamandrella > Species: Salamandrella keyserlingii

Salamandrella keyserlingii Dybowski, 1870, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 20: 237. Syntypes: Kuzmin and Maslova, 2003, Adv. Amph. Res. Former Soviet Union, 8: 33, noted that the types cannot be traced exactly, with Bauer, Good, and Günther, 1993, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 69: 293, regarding ZMB 6877 (3 adults), ZMB 7818 (4 specimens) as primary types, and Borkin, 1994, in Vorobyeva and Darevsky (eds.), Siberskii uglozub (Salamandrella keyserlingii Dybowski, 1870): 54–80, regarding AMNH 23495, BMNH 1875.10.14.52, 1871.7.1838–39, NHMW 8324-25, 8330, and ZIS)" 1482 (4 specimens) as types. See discussion by Kuzmin and Maslova, 2003, Adv. Amph. Res. Former Soviet Union, 8: 33, and Gemel, Gassner, and Schweiger, 2019, Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, Ser. B, 121: 44. Type localities: "südwestlichen Winkel Baikals", "auf den morästigen Uferwiesen der Kultuschnaja-un Pachabicha-Thäler" and "in Taurien hinter der Jablonna-Gebirgskette auf feuchten Wiesen des Ingoda-Systems". Restricted to Irkutskaya Province, SW angle of Baikal Lake, surrounds of Kultuk Village" by Borkin and Kuzmin, 1988, in Vorobyeva and Darevsky (eds.), Amph. Rept. Mongolian P. Rep.: 30–197. See discussion by Bauer, Good, and Günther, 1993, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 69: 293, on the types and type localities.

Isodactylium Wosnessenskyi Strauch, 1870, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, Ser. 7, 16 (4): 58. Syntypes: ZISP 121, 123, 127, ZMB 6875 (lost according to Bauer, Good, and Günther, 1993, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 69: 299. ZMM A-9 considered a syntype by Dunayev and Orlova, 1994, Russ. J. Herpetol., 1: 61 (who discussed the disposition of other syntypes, now apparently lost). Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 81, discussed types. Borkin, 1994, in Vorobyeva and Darevsky (eds.), Siberskii uglozub (Salamandrella keyserlingii Dybowski, 1870): 33, regarded MNHNP 5702 as a syntype. Type locality: "Kamtschatka, bei Jawina an der Mündung des Bolscheretsk auf Lapatka" (= Kamchatka, Yavino, Bol'sheretsk, Cape Lopatka on the south of Kamchatka peninsula), Russia. Synonymy with Salamandrella keyserlingii by Nikolskii, 1905, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, Ser. 8, 17: 436; Stejneger, 1907, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 58: 38. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version) and Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93. See also discussion of types by Milto and Barabanov, 2011, Russ. J. Herpetol., 18: 139. 

Salamandrella wosnessenskyiBoulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 34.

Salamandrella uralensis Knipovich, 1896, Annu. Mus. Zool. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, 1: 13. Nomen nudum. Synonymy by Nikolskii, 1906 "1905", Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, Ser. 8, 17: 437; Stejneger, 1907, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 58: 38.

Hynobius keyserlingiiBoulenger, 1910, Batr. Principal. Eur.: 49. Aubert, 2002, Bull. Soc. Etudes Scient. Anjou, N.S.,, 17: 83.

Salamandrella cristata Andersson, 1917 "1916", Göteborgs K. Vetensk. Vitterh. Samh. Handl. (Medd. Göteborgs Mus. Zool. Afd. 10), 19: 3. Holotype: NHMG Ba 302, by original designation. Type locality: "Sakaehama [= Starodubskoe Settlement], on the east coast of Sakhalin", Dolinskii District, Russia. Synonymy by Inukai, 1927, Copeia, 164: 69–71; Thorn, 1968, Salamand. Eur. Asie Afr. Nord: 72.

Hynobius doii Abé, 1922, Zool. Mag., Tokyo, 34: 330. Holotype: Not designated though likely in ZIHU. Type locality: Manchuria. Provisional synonymy with Salamandrella keyserlingii by Dunn, 1923, Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci., 58: 462. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version) and Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93.

Hynobius cristatusDunn, 1923, Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci., 58: 467.

Hynobius michnoi Nikolskii, 1925, Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Ser. A, 1925: 123. Holotype: Not stated; ZISP 2873.1–2 and 4003 are syntypes according to Milto and Barabanov, 2011, Russ. J. Herpetol., 18: 138, who designated ZISP 4003  lectotype. Type locality: "Transbaicalia" near Troitskosavsk, eastern Siberia, Russia. Given as Kjakhta town, Buryat Republic, Russia, by Milto and Barabanov, 2011, Russ. J. Herpetol., 18: 138. Synonymy by Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 104.

Salamandrella keyserlingii forma typica, kultukiensis Dybowski, 1928, Bull. Internatl. Acad. Polon. Sci. Lettr. Class. Sci. Math. Nat. Ser. B, Sci. Nat., 1927: 1079. Type(s): XXX. Type locality: XXX. Unavailable tetranomial. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version) and Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93.

Salamandrella keserlingiiTago, 1931, Imori to Sanshio-uo: 17. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Salamandrella keyserlingii stvorzovi Pavlov, 1932, Publ. Mus. Hoang Ho Pai Ho, Tien-Tsin, 11: 4. Type(s): Not stated, presumably originally in Musee Hoang-Ho Pai-Ho (now TNHMP). Type locality: Mao eull shan [sic], northern Manchuria, China. Nomen nudum. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version) and Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93.

Salamandrella keyserlingii var. Sodei-Campi Kostin, 1934 "1933", Annu. Club Nat. Sci. Geograph. YMCA, Harbin, 1: 174, 176. Syntypes: Place of deposit not designated. Type locality: Soda Steppe [= salt flats] (northwest of Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, northern Manchuria, China [translation]. Mangou Station (current Chinese name unknown) of the Western Branch of the Chinese-Eastern Railway (now Changchun Railway in China) was the only residence of S.A. Plaksin, collector of the type materials. No indications on the exact locality are given in the original Elsewhere (Kostin, 1935, Arq. Mus. Bocage, 6A: 1104) the Soda Steppe is described as the "lowest part of Manchuria, chiefly on the water-shed of the Nonny and Sungary rivers, and represents a large plain. It should be noted that "a waste well at Station Mankou of the N.M. Rly." (= western branch of the Chinese-Eastern Railway), but no other localities, is exactly indicated as the type locality for Hyla sodei-campi Kostin, 1935. Other localities are only supposed for the latter species. (S.L. Kuzmin, personal commun.) Kostin, 1942, Sci. Works Przevalsky Res. Assoc. Members: 16, stated the type locality of Hyla sodei-campi [now = Hyla japonica] to be a station of the western branch of the Chinese Eastern Railway, at Monkou [translation]. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version) and Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93.

Salamandrella keyserlingii var. Kostini Pavlov, 1934, Publ. Mus. Hoang Ho Pai Ho, Tien-Tsin, 32: 6. Types: Not stated, presumably originally Musee Hoang-Ho Pai-Ho (now TNHMP). Type locality: "Mandchourie du Nord" (= northern Manchuria), China. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version) and Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93.

Salamandrella keyserlingiii var. austeri Pavlov, 1934, Publ. Mus. Hoang Ho Pai Ho, Tien-Tsin, 32: 6. Types: Not stated, presumably originally Musee Hoang-Ho Pai-Ho (now TNHMP). Type locality: "Mandchourie du Nord" (= northern Manchuria), China. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version) and Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93.

Salamandrella keyserlingii var. dilutiores Pavlov, 1934, Publ. Mus. Hoang Ho Pai Ho, Tien-Tsin, 32: 6. Types: Not stated, presumably originally Musee Hoang-Ho Pai-Ho (now TNHMP). Type locality: "Mandchourie du Nord" (= northern Manchuria), China. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version) and Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93.

Salamandrella skvorzovii Pavlov, 1934, Publ. Mus. Hoang Ho Pai Ho, Tien-Tsin, 32: 12. Syntypes: Musee Hoang-Ho Pai-Ho (now TNHMP) (5 specimens), by original designation. Type locality: "près du village de Mao", Liaoning, China. Placed by DRF in this synonymy provisionally on the basis of discussion of evidence provided by Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 403: 427–429 (Russian version); Berman, Derenko, Malyarchuk, Grzybowski, Kryukov, and Miscicka-Sliwka, 2005, Dokl. Biol. Sci., 403: 275–278 (English version), and Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tominaga, Sato, Takenaka, Tanabe, Nishikawa, and Nakabayashi, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 48: 84–93.

Salamandrella keyserlingiiNakamura and Ueno, 1963, Japan. Rept. Amph. Color: 14; Thorn, 1968, Salamand. Eur. Asie Afr. Nord: 72.

Turanomolge keyserlingiiAnanjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 22.

Salamandrella kayserlingii —Obst in Engelmann, Fritzsche, Günther, and Obst, 1993, Lurche Kriechtiere Eur.: 61. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Salamandrella keyserlingii keyserlingiiKuzmin, 2008, Izvest. Samarsk. Nauchn. Centra Ross. Akad. Nauk, 10: 447–452.

English Names

Dybowski's Salamander (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 29).

Siberian Newt (Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 103).

Manchurian Salamander (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 22).

Siberian Salamander (Hellmich, 1962, Rept. Amph. Eur.: 38; Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 22; Stumpel-Rienks, 1992, Ergänzungsband Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., Trivialnamen der Herpetofauna Eur.: 62; Kuzmin, 1997, in Gasc et al. (eds.), Atlas Amph. Rept. Eur.: 36; Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 30; Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 38).

Distribution

Northern and eastern Hokkaido I. (Japan) and Sakhalin and Kurile Islands (Russia); Kamchatka to eastern European Russia (up to 45° E), south to northern Mongolia, extreme northern Kazakhstan, northeastern China; isolated record in southern Henan Province, China.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: China, People's Republic of, Japan, Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Russia

Comment

See Borkin, Belimov, and Sedalishchev, 1984, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 124: 89–101, for record north (72° N) of the Arctic Circle. See Kuzmin, 1994, Abh. Ber. Naturkd. Magdeburg, 17: 177–183, for discussion of geographic distribution. See accounts by Ye, Fei, and Hu, 1993, Rare and Economic Amph. China 43; Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 103–115 (who noted that no subspecies are currently recognized); Fei, 1999, Atlas Amph. China: 30, Borkin, 1999, in Grossenbacher and Thiesmeier (eds.), Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., 4(1): 19–55, Thorn and Raffaëlli, 2000, Salamand. Ancien Monde: 98–103, Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 55–56, and Kuzmin, 2013, Amph. Former Soviet Union, Ed. 2: 41–49. Bassarukin and Borkin, 1984, Trudy Zool. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, Leningrad, 124: 12–54, discussed variation on Sakhalin Island. Zhao and Bi, 1995, Acta Herpetol. Sinica, 4–5: 102-104, provided a record for Inner Mongolia. Obst in Engelmann, Fritzsche, Günther, and Obst, 1993, Lurche Kriechtiere Eur.: 61–63, provided a brief account, figure, and map. Vorobyeva and Darevsky, 1994, Siberskii uglozub (Salamandrella keyserlingii Dybowski, 1870): 1–365, provided a summary of everything known about the species. Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 38–39, provided an account for Japan, map, and photograph. See comment for Salamandrella tridactyla for discussion of poorly understood range and taxonomic structure. Fei, Hu, Ye, and Huang, 2006, Fauna Sinica, Amph. 1: 181–187, provided an account for China. Poyarkov and Kuzmin, 2008, Russ. J. Genet., 44: 948–958, reported on mitochondrial phylogeography, treated Salamandrella keyserlingii and Salamandrella tridactyla as subspecies pending additional study, and regarded the Japanese populations of Salamandrella keyserlingii to be divergent populations requiring additional study. Nöllert and Nöllert, 1992, Die Amph. Eur.: 147–150, provided a brief account and polygon map for Europe. Malyarchuk, Derenko, Berman, Perkova, Grzybowski, Lejrikh, and Bulakhova, 2010, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 56: 562–571, reported on phylogeography of the species, and noted three main haplotype groups and an area of sympatry with Salamandrella tridactyla (as Salamandrella schrenckii) in the valleys of the lower Ussuri River and adjacent Amur River. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2010, Colored Atlas of Chinese Amph.: 51, provided a brief account (in the sense of including Salamandrella tridactyla) including photographs and an illustration of specimens. Staniszewski, 2011, Salamand. Newts Eur., N. Afr., W. Asia: 21–22, provided photographs of living specimens and habitat as well as a range map for the European componens of the species. Hasumi and Borkin, 2012, Organisms Divers. Evol., 12: 167–181, reported on geographic variation. Fei, Ye, and Jiang, 2012, Colored Atlas Chinese Amph. Distr.: 52–53, provided an account (possibly considering Salamandrella keyserlingii and Salamandrella tridactyla as the same species), photographs, and map, including an isolated record for southern Henan, China. Hasumi and Borkin, 2012, Organisms Divers. Evol., 12: 167181, reported on body size variation with respect to altitude, latitude, and temperature. Raffaëlli, 2013, Urodeles du Monde, 2nd ed.: 56–57 , provided a brief account, photo, and map. Terbish, Munkhbayar, and Munkhbaatar, 2013, Guide Amph. Rept. Mongolia: 10–11, provided a brief account, photograph, and spot map for Mongolia. Sparreboom, 2014, Salamanders Old World: 142–145, reviewed the biology, characteristics, distribution, reproduction, and conservation of the species. Malyarchuk, Derenko, and Denisova, 2015, Russ. J. Genet., 51: 101–108, reported on aspects of phylogeography of the species and provided a distribution map. Adnagulov, 2016, Curr. Stud. Herpetol., Saratov, 16: 87–106, provided a dot map and discussion for Evreiskaya Autonomous Oblast, Far East Russia. Speybroeck, Beukema, Bok, and Van Der Voort, 2016, Field Guide Amph. Rept. Brit. Eur.: 111–112, provided a brief account. See detailed account for Mongolia by Kuzmin, Dunayev, Munkhbayar, Munkhbaatar, and Terbish, 2017, in Kuzmin (ed.), Amph. Mongolia: 46–67. Matsui, Yoshikawa, Tanaka-Ueno, Sato, Takenaka, Terui, Oppata, and Tominaga, 2019, Curr. Herpetol., Kyoto, 38: 122–127, reported on the genetics of a population from Kamishihoro-cho, eastern Hokkaido, Japan. See Dufresnes, 2019, Amph. Eur., N. Afr., & Middle East: 189, for brief summary of identifying morphology and biology, a range map for European Russia, as well as a photograph. Raffaëlli, 2022, Salamanders & Newts of the World: 51–54, provided a detailed account, covering systematics, life history, and distribution (including a polygon map).

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