Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Raorchestes glandulosus (Jerdon, 1853)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Rhacophoridae > Subfamily: Rhacophorinae > Genus: Raorchestes > Species: Raorchestes glandulosus

Ixalis ? glandulosa Jerdon, 1853, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 22: 532. Type(s): Not stated, presumably originally ZSIC; reported as lost by Jerdon, 1870, Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1870: 67; considered probably lost according to Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 14, who designated as neotype BMNH 1947.2.27.22. Type locality: South India by implication. Neotype from "Manantavadi ('Manantoddy') (11° 49′ N, 76° 01′ E), Wynaad, Kerala, India".

Ixalus glandulosa — Jerdon, 1870, Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1870: 85.

Ixalus glandulosus — Günther, 1876 "1875", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875: 573.

Ixalus pulcher Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 469. Syntypes: BMNH (many specimens), including BMNH 1947.2.27.21–32, according to Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 14, 31, who designated BMNH 1947.2.27.22 (neotype of Ixalus glandulosus Jerdon) as lectotype and redescribed it on page 63–64. Type locality: "Manantoddy" (= Manantavadi, 11° 49′ N, 76° 01′ E), Wynaad, Kerala, South India. Secondary junior homonym of Rhacophorus pulcher Boulenger, 1882. Synonymy by Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 14.

Rhacophorus noblei Ahl, 1927, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1927: 40. Holotype: ZMB 10140 according to Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 45. Type locality: "Malabar", India. Biju, 2001, Occas. Publ. Indian Soc. Conserv. Biol., 1: 8, noted the imprecision of this type locality. Synonymy by Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 46.

Rhacophorus pulcherrimus Ahl, 1927, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1927: 41. Replacement name for Ixalus pulcher Boulenger, 1882.

Philautus glandulosus — Roux, 1928, Rev. Suisse Zool., 38: 465.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) glandulosus — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 71.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) noblei — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 55, 100.

Rhacophorus (Philautus) pulcherrimus — Ahl, 1931, Das Tierreich, 55: 55, 101.

Philautus pulcher — Rao, 1937, Proc. Indian Acad. Sci., Ser. B, 6: 423.

Philautus noblei — Gorham, 1974, Checklist World Amph.: 167; Inger, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 530.

Philautus pulcherrimus — Gorham, 1974, Checklist World Amph.: 167; Inger, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 531.

Philautus (Philautus) glandulosus — Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 15.

Pseudophilautus glandulosus — Li, Che, Murphy, Zhao, Zhao, Rao, and Zhang, 2009, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 53: 519. Provisional change by implication.

Raorchestes glandulosus — Biju, Shouche, Dubois, Dutta, and Bossuyt, 2010, Curr. Sci., Bangalore, 98: 1120.

English Names

Noble's Bubble-nest Frog (Philautus noblei [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 112).

Noble's Bush Frog (Philautus noblei [no longer recognized]: Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 66).

Southern Bubble-nest Frog (Philautus glandulosus: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 112).

Rough-skinned Bush Frog (Pseudophilautus glandulosus: Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 66).

Manantoddy Bubble-nest Frog (Philautus pulcherrimus [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 112).

Beautiful Bush Frog (Philautus pulcherrimus [no longer recognized]: Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 66).

Beautiful Bush Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 100).

Glandular Bush Frog (Philautus glandulosus: Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 156; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 13).

Beautiful Bush Frog (Philautus pulcher [no longer recognized]: Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 164).

Pretty Bush Frog (Philautus pulcherrimus [no longer recognized]: Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 154).

Distribution

Western Ghats of southwestern India in Kerala (Mananthavady and Sulthanbathery) and Karnataka (Mercara), up to an elevation of over 2000 m.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: India

Endemic: India

Comment

See Bossuyt and Dubois, 2001, Zeylanica, 6: 14–15, for discussion of nomenclatural issues. Brief accounts provided by Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 156 (as Philautus glandulosus), page 163, 217 (as Philautus noblei), page 164 (as Philautus pulcher). Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 79–80, provided systematic notes, access to literature, and range. Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 148–149, provided an account. Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 154–156, provided an account (as Philautus pulcherrimus). See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 523. Biju and Bossuyt, 2009, Zool. J. Linn. Soc., 155: 374–444 [414–415], provided an account, distribution map, and discussed relationships. A brief characterization, photograph, and dot map provided by Subramanian, Dinesh, and Radhakrishnan, 2013, Atlas of Endemic Amph. W. Ghats: 138. Sivaprasad, 2013, Common Amph. Kerala: 184–185, provided a brief account, photograph, and dot map for Kerala, India. Sreekumar and Dinesh, 2020, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 120: 33–40, noted that records from Maharashtra, India, are in error.

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For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
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For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.