Ranoidea Tschudi, 1838

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Hylidae > Subfamily: Pelodryadinae > Genus: Ranoidea
72 species

Ranoidea Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 35, 76. Type species: Ranoidea jacksoniensis Tschudi, 1838, by monotypy. Synonymy with Hyla by Steindachner, 1867, Reise Österreichischen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Amph.: 61. Resurrected; without discussion, by Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 5. See Tyler, 1985, Herpetol. Rev., 16: 69;Australian Society of Herpetologists, 1987, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 44: 116–121; Tyler, 1988, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 45: 152;Holthius, 1988, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 45 and decision by ICZN (Anonymous, 1991, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 48: 337–338). Wrongly considered by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 37, to be a rejected name, Ranoidea is actually older than Dryopsophus and applicable to this generic taxon. To avoid the name Dryopsophus getting traction and making for confusion in the secondary literature I (DRF) apply the oldest name Ranoidea. 

Polyphone Gistel, 1848, Naturgesch. Thierr.: xi. Substitute name for Ranoidea Tschudi, 1838.

Dryopsophus Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 30. Type species: "Hyla citropa Péron" (= Hyla citripoda Péron, 1807 = Hyla citropa Duméril and Bibron, 1841), by original designation. 

Euscelis Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 31. Type species: Hyla lesueurii Duméril and Bibron, 1841, by original designation. Junior secondary homonym of Euscelis Brulié, 1832 (Insecta). Synonymy with Hyla by Gorham, 1974, Checklist World Amph.: 93. Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Pelodryas Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 119. Type species: Rana caerulea White, 1790, by monotypy. Synonymy with Hyla by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 338. Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Cyclorana Steindachner, 1867, Reise Österreichischen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Amph.: 29. Type species: Cyclorana novaehollandiae Steindachner, 1867, by monotypy. Synonymy (as a subgenus of Litoria) by Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 205. Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Phractops Peters, 1867, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1867: 30. Type species: Phractops alutaceus Peters, 1867, by monotypy. Synonymy with Cyclorana by Günther, 1868, Zool. Rec., 4: 145 (although subsequently recognized); Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 267 (under Chiroleptes); Parker, 1940, Novit. Zool., 42: 15. Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Chirodryas Keferstein, 1867, Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, 18: 358. Type species: Chirodryas raniformis Keferstein, 1867, by monotypy. Synonymy (with Hyla sensu lato) by Keferstein, 1868, Arch. Naturgesch., 34: 279; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 337. Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Mitrolysis Cope, 1889, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 34: 312. Type species: Chiroleptes alboguttatus Günther, 1867, by original designation. Synonymy with Litoria by Tyler, 1974, Proc. R. Soc. Queensland, 85: 27, with Cyclorana by Parker, 1940, Novit. Zool., 42: 20. Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Fanchonia Werner, 1893, Zool. Anz., 16: 81–84. Type species: Fanchonia elegans Werner, 1893, by monotypy. Synonymy with Hyla by Werner, 1897, Zool. Anz., 20: 266. Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Brendanura Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 4. Type species: Chiroleptes alboguttatus Günther, 1867, by original designation. Synonymy with Cyclorana by general acclamation. See Tyler, 1985, Herpetol. Rev., 16: 69; Australian Society of Herpetologists, 1987, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 44: 116–121; Tyler, 1988, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 45: 152; Holthius, 1988, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 45 and decision by ICZN (Anonymous, 1991, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 48: 337–338). Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Neophractops Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 5. Type species: Chiroleptes platycephalus Günther, 1873, by original designation. Synonymy with Cyclorana by general acclamation. Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

Mosleyia Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 5. Type species: Hyla nannotis Andersson, 1916, by original designation. Synonymy by acclamation. See Tyler, 1985, Herpetol. Rev., 16: 69; Australian Society of Herpetologists, 1987, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 44: 116–121; Tyler, 1988, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 45: 152;Holthius, 1988, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 45 and decision by ICZN (Anonymous, 1991, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 48: 337–338). Synonymy with Dryopsophus by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40. 

English Names

Striped Burrowing Frogs (Cyclorana [no longer recognized]: Cogger, 1975, Rept. Amph. Australia: 49).

Water-holding Frogs (Cyclorana [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 52).

Distribution

Australia, New Guinea, Moluccas, and Louisiade Archipelago. 

Comment

Removed from the synonymy of Litoria by Duellman, Marion, and Hedges, 2016, Zootaxa, 4104: 40, where it had been placed by Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 30 (as Hyla). Resurrected; without discussion, by Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 5. See Tyler, 1985, Herpetol. Rev., 16: 69; Australian Society of Herpetologists, 1987, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 44: 116–121; Tyler, 1988, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 45: 152; Holthius, 1988, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 45 and decision by ICZN (Anonymous, 1991, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 48: 337–338). McDonald and Davies, 1990, Trans. R. Soc. S. Aust., 114: 149, provided a key to the members of the former Litoria citropa species group, and Donnellan, McGuigan, Knowles, Mahony, and Moritz, 1999, Aust. J. Zool., 47: 275–293, reported on genetic evidence for species boundaries in the former Litoria citropa group. Pelodryas was recognized by Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 5, following Savage, 1986, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 99: 42–45, who recognized this genus for of the former Litoria caerulea group on the basis of evidence provided by Tyler and Davies, 1978, Aust. J. Zool., Suppl. Ser., 27 (63): 1–47. Use of Pelodryas has not generally been followed by other Australian herpetologists.  Cunningham, 2002, Mem. Queensland Mus., 48: 93–102, discussed the phylogenetics of the Litoria nannotis group: Litoria rheocola (Litoria nyakalensis (Litoria loricaLitoria nannotis)). Species groups noted in the species accounts of both Litoria and Dryopsophus, both of which were in Litoria at the time were defined by Tyler and Davies, 1978, Aust. J. Zool., Suppl. Ser., 27 (63): 1–47. Papuan species were reviewed (as Hyla) by Tyler, 1968, Zool. Verh., Leiden, 96: 1–203; Australian state checklists provided by Tyler, 1989, Aust. FrogsTyler, 1982, in Newman (ed.), New Zealand Wildlife Serv. Occas Publ., 2: 103–112, provided a general summary of Litoria (sensu lato) systematics. Data presented by Sumida, Allison, and Nishioka, 1998, Japan. J. Herpetol., 17: 164–174, suggested a number of cryptic species in New Guinea (as Litoria). Menzies and Tyler, 2004, Aust. J. Zool., 52: 290, noted that the affinities of Litoria aruensis are enigmatic, thereby implying a lack of confidence in the reality of the Litoria aruensis group (= Litoria gracilenta group according to Menzies and Tyler, 2004, Aust. J. Zool., 52: 203); these authors (p. 203) redelimited the Litoria gracilenta group to include Litoria gracilentaLitoria aruensisLitoria elkaeLitoria kumae, and Litoria auae, and placed Litoria chlorisLitoria gramineaLitoria multiplica, and Litoria xanthomera into the Litoria chloris group. Anstis, Price, Roberts, Catalano, Hines, Doughty, and Donnellan, 2016, Zootaxa, 4126: 451–479, provided a revision of Cyclorana, without documenting how recognizing this taxon would render Ranoidea paraphyletic; I retain these species in Ranoidea (DRF). 

Contained taxa (72 sp.):

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