Uperodon variegatus (Stoliczka, 1872)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Microhylidae > Subfamily: Microhylinae > Genus: Uperodon > Species: Uperodon variegatus

Hylaedactylus carnaticus Jerdon, 1853, J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 22: 533. Types: Not stated; presumably originally in ZSIC; reported as lost by Jerdon, 1870, Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1870: 67. Type locality: "the Carnatic", South India. This nomen dubium tentatively suggested to be a senior synonym by Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 91. 

Callula variegata Stoliczka, 1872, Proc. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, 1872: 111. Syntypes: "one, lent to me by Dr. Anderson, in the Indian Museum [now ZSIC] and the other in my collection": this being ZSIC 2761 according to Sclater, 1892, List Batr. Indian Mus.: viii, 24. Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 94, reported that BMNH 1874.11.12.2 (now reregistered 1947.2.11.50), might be a syntype, presumably the second specimen noted by Stoliczka; NHMW 4019 (presumably erroneously) reported as a syntype by Häupl and Tiedemann, 1978, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 2: 14, and Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 18. BMNH 1874.11.12.2 and ZSIC 2761 reported as possible syntypes by Dutta and Manamendra-Arachchi, 1996, Amph. Fauna Sri Lanka: 51. See also discussion by Chanda, Das, and Dubois, 2001 "2000", Hamadryad, 25: 104. Type locality: "Ellore" (= Eluru), Andhra Pradesh, India. ZSI 2761 designated lectotype by Garg, Senevirathne, Wijayathilaka, Phuge, Deuti, Manamendra-Arachchi, Meegaskumbura, and Biju, 2018, Zootaxa, 4384: 39. 

Callula olivacea Günther, 1876 "1875", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875: 576. Syntypes: BMNH 1874.4.29.1351–52, according to Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 94; now 1947.2.11.23–24 according to museum records. Type locality: "Yellagherry Hills at an altitude of about 2000 feet", India. Recognized by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 171; synonymy by Boulenger, 1890, Fauna Brit. India, Rept. Batr.: 494; Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 93.

Kaloula variegata — Rao, 1918, Rec. Indian Mus., 15: 43; Ramaswami, 1937 "1936", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1936: 1152.

Ramanella symbiotica Rao and Ramanna, 1925, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1925: 1445. Syntypes: BMNH 1925.9.18.1–2, by original designation, now renumbered 1947.2.11.34–35 according to museum records. Type locality: "Bangalore (Mysore), 3000 ft., S. India". Synonymy by Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 93. Sherwood, 2022, Reptiles & Amphibians, 29: 257–258, noted that Ramanella symbioitca is an original incorrect spelling. 

Ramanella symbioitica — Parker, 1934, Monogr. Frogs Fam. Microhylidae: 90. Incorrect subsequent spelling of the species name. See Sherwood, 2022, Reptiles & Amphibians, 29: 257–258, for discussion. 

Uperodon variegatus — Peloso, Frost, Richards, Rodrigues, Donnellan, Matsui, Raxworthy, Biju, Lemmon, Lemmon, and Wheeler, 2016, Cladistics, 32: 140. 

English Names

Eluru Dot Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 92).

Variegated Ramanella (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 64; Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 59).

Termite Nest Frog (Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 45).

Marbled Narrow-mouthed Frog (Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 134).

Variable Ramanella (Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 134).

White-bellied Pug-snout Frog (de Silva, 2009, Amph. Rep. Sri Lanka Photograph. Guide: 85).

Variegated Globular Frog (Garg, Senevirathne, Wijayathilaka, Phuge, Deuti, Manamendra-Arachchi, Meegaskumbura, and Biju, 2018, Zootaxa, 4384: 39).

Variegated Balloon Frog (Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Deepak, and Kulkarni, 2023, Fauna India Checklist, vers. 5.0 : 8).

Distribution

Tamil Nadu and Kerala in the south of India, northwards up to Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Odisha, Jharkhand and West Bengal; expected in western Bangladesh. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: India, Sri Lanka

Likely/Controversially Present: Bangladesh

Comment

 Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 45, provided a brief account. Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 66–67, provided relevant literature and range. Daniels, 2005, Amph. Peninsular India: 134–136, provided an account. Sivaprasad, 2013, Common Amph. Kerala: 98–99, provided a brief account, photograph, and dot map for Kerala, India.  See account by Garg, Senevirathne, Wijayathilaka, Phuge, Deuti, Manamendra-Arachchi, Meegaskumbura, and Biju, 2018, Zootaxa, 4384: 39–42, who reviewed the species and redelimited its range and reviewed external morphology and molecular phylogenetics. Earlier records of Ramanella variegata from Sri Lanka now apply to Uperodon rohani. Sreekumar and Dinesh, 2020, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 120: 33–40, discussed the range in Maharashtra, India, in terms of agro-climatic zones. Prasad, Gautam, Gupta, Murthy, Ramesh, Shinde, and Das, 2020, Zootaxa, 4851: 450–476, reported on morphology for a population in the Panna Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh, central India. Gayen, Dey, and Roy, 2021, Zoos' Print J., 36: 33–39, reported a record from Durgapur Subdivision, West Bengal, India. Srinivasulu and Kumar, 2022, J. Threatened Taxa, 14: 21268, reported the species from the state of Telangana, south-central India.   

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