Megophrys aceras Boulenger, 1903

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* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
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Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
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Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Megophryidae > Genus: Megophrys > Species: Megophrys aceras

Megalophrys montana var. aceras Boulenger, 1903, in Annandale and Robinson (eds.), Fasciculi Malayenses, 2(1): 131-132. Type(s): Not stated; presumably BMNH or ZRC; clearly including animal figured on pl. 5, fig. 1 of the original publication. Type locality: "Bukit Besar", 2500 feet elevation, Perak, Malay Peninsula, Malaysia.

Megalophrys aceras — Smith, 1926, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1926: 983.

Megophrys aceras — Smith, 1930, Bull. Raffles Mus., 3: 132.

Megophrys (Megophrys) aceras — Dubois, 1980, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 49: 472.

Panophrys aceras — Rao and Yang, 1997, Asiat. Herpetol. Res., 7: 98–99. Tentative arrangement.

Megophrys (Xenophrys) aceras — Dubois and Ohler, 1998, Dumerilia, 4: 14; Mahony, Foley, Biju, and Teeling, 2017, Mol. Biol. Evol., 34: 755.

Xenophrys aceras — Khonsue and Thirakhupt, 2001, Nat. Hist. J. Chulalongkorn Univ., 1: 75; Ohler, 2003, Alytes, 21: 23; by implication; Delorme, Dubois, Grosjean, and Ohler, 2006, Alytes, 24: 17; Chen, Zhou, Poyarkov, Stuart, Brown, Lathrop, Wang, Yuan, Jiang, Hou, Chen, Suwannapoom, Nguyen, Duong, Papenfuss, Murphy, Zhang, and Che, 2016, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 106: 41

English Names

Perak Spadefoot Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 86).

White Breastgland Spine-eyed Frog Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 86).

Yellow Horn Frog (Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 86).

Malayan Horned Frog (Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 82).

Distribution

Peninsular Thailand and West Malaysia, below 1500 m elevation.

Comment

Accounta provided by Bourret, 1942, Batr. Indochine: 192-194, and Taylor, 1962, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 43: 287-290. See also Dring, 1979, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), Zool., 34: 184. See brief account and photo by Manthey and Grossmann, 1997, Amph. Rept. Südostasiens: 79-80. Nutphund, 2001, Amph. Thailand: 86, provided a brief characterization and photograph. Chan-ard, 2003, Photograph. Guide Amph. Thailand: 82-83, provided a very brief account, map for Thailand, and photograph. Grismer, Youmans, Wood, Ponce, Wright, Jones, Johnson, Sanders, Gower, Yaakob, and Lim, 2006, Hamadryad, 30: 61-74, noted the species on Langkawi, off the northwest coast of West Malaysia. See comment under Megophrys parallela. Sumarli, Grismer, Anuar, Muin, and Quah, 2015, Check List, 11(4, Art. 1679): 12, reported specimens from Mount Tebu, Terregganu, West Malaysia, and briefly reported on their morphology and habitat. Specimens fromSumatra, Indonesia, are now referred to the more recently named Megophrys parallela.

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