Leptodactylus macrosternum Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Leptodactylidae > Subfamily: Leptodactylinae > Genus: Leptodactylus > Species: Leptodactylus macrosternum

Leptodactylus ocellatus macrosternum Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 27: 147. Holotype: MZUSP 448, by museum records. Type locality: "Bahia", Brazil. Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 73, considered the type locality to be "provàvelment Salvador", Bahia, Brazil.

Leptodactylus ocellatus macrosternusMiranda-Ribeiro, 1927, Rev. Mus. Paulista, São Paulo, 15: 125. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

Leptodactylus ocellatus var. typica Cei, 1948, Acta Zool. Lilloana, 6: 308. Syntypes: Not designated, presumably FML. Type locality: Not explicitly stated, but Tucumán, Argentina; by implication. Presumably a senior synonym of Leptodactylus chaquensis by implication in the original and subsequent literature. Opinion 2044, Anonymous, 2003, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 60: 173, suppressed this name for purposes of synonymy.

Leptodactylus chaquensis Cei, 1950, Acta Zool. Lilloana, 9: 417. Syntypes: FML 979 (containing 2 specimens, of which the adult male was described); lost according to Lavilla, 1994 "1992", Acta Zool. Lilloana, 42: 85. Hayward, 1963, Acta Zool. Lilloana, 19: 507, reported a single holotype. The designation of this specimen is not formal, being merely the one used for the description out of what might be described as a syntypic series of about 2124 specimens. Type locality: "Simoca y Río Colorado (Tucumán) y . . . Manantiales (Corrientes)", Argentina; described specimen (holotype?) is from "Simoca (Tucumán)", Argentina. Synonymy by Magalhães, Lyra, Carvalho, Baldo, Brusquetti, Burella, Colli, Gehara, Giaretta, Haddad, Langone, López, Napoli, Santana, de Sá, and Garda, 2020, Herpetol. Monogr., 34: 151–152. 

Leptodactylus macrosternumGallardo, 1964, Physis, Buenos Aires, 24: 379.

English Names

Miranda's White-lipped Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 82).

Cei's White-lipped Frog (Leptodactylus chaquensis [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 81).

Distribution

Amazonian northeastern Colombia, most of Venezuela, excluding the tepui region, and the Guianas south through Brazil (as far east as Ceará and Alagoas) to eastern Bolivia, northern Argentina, throughout Paraguay, northern Uruguay, and Brazil (Acre, Amapá, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Rio Grande do Sul, Rio Grande do Norte, and Paraná; isolated record in Piauí); Trinidad (see comment).

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela

Comment

Nominal Leptodactylus chaquensis considered a sibling species of Leptodactylus ocellatus, according to Cei, 1950, Acta Zool. Lilloana, 9: 395-423, although now assigned to the Leptodactylus latrans group (see below). See Cei, 1970, Acta Zool. Lilloana, 27: 299-306, for serological evidence of species distinctiveness. See account (as Leptodactylus chaquensis) by Cei, 1980, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Monogr., 2: 348-352 (a composite of Leptodactylus chaquensis and Leptodactylus luctator). Vaz-Ferreira, de Sá, Achaval, and Gehrau, 1984, Bol. Soc. Zool. Uruguay, Ser. 2, 2: 72, provided the Uruguay record for nominal Leptodactylus chaquensisMurphy, 1997, Amph. Rept. Trinidad Tobago: 87-88, provided a brief account for Trinidad. Gorzula and Señaris, 1999 "1998", Scient. Guaianae, 8: 62-63, commented on range in Venezuela. De la Riva and Maldonado-M., 1999, Graellsia, 55: 193–197, discussed the morphological indistinguishability of this species from Leptodactylus chaquensisDe la Riva, Köhler, Lötters, and Reichle, 2000, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 14: 40, discussed the problem of identification of Leptodactylus macrosternum from Leptodactylus chaquensisKöhler, 2000, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 48: 131, provided a brief account and discussed the putative distinctiveness of nominal Leptodactylus chaquensis from Leptodactylus macrosternumLescure and Marty, 2000, Collect. Patrimoines Nat., Paris, 45: 242–243, provided a photo and brief account for French Guiana (as Leptodactylus latrans). Brusquetti and Lavilla, 2006, Cuad. Herpetol., 20: 13, briefly discussed range in Paraguay. Santos and Cechin, 2008, Check List, 4: 142-144, provided a record (as Leptodactylus chaquensis) for Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Heyer and Giaretta, 2009, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 122: 292–305, reported on advertisement calls, natural history, and range in Brazil (as Leptodactylus chaquensis). Calderon, Delaix-Zaqueo, Zaqueo, Serrano, Messias, Cardozo, Diniz-Sousa, Holanda, Rego, and Stabeli, 2009, Check List, 5: 425-427, provided a record (as Leptodactylus chaquensis) for Porto Velho, Rondonia, Brazil. Jansen, Bloch, Schulze, and Pfenninger, 2011, Zool. Scripta, 40: 567-583. reported on genetic variation in Bolivia (as Leptodactylus chaquensis). See Cole, Townsend, Reynolds, MacCulloch, and Lathrop, 2013, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 125: 424-425, for brief account and records for Guyana. Weiler, Núñez, Airaldi, Lavilla, Peris, and Baldo, 2013, Anf. Paraguay: 89, provided a brief account, image, and dot map for Paraguay. Oda, Santos, Gambale, Campos, Guerra Batista, and Affonso, 2014, Herpetozoa, Wien, 26: 195-200, discussed the range and reported records from Paraná, Brazil (as Leptodactylus chaquensis). Faggioni, Zamudio, Souza, and Prado, 2014, Amphibia-Reptilia, 35: 405–412, characterized microsatellite markers (as Leptodactylus chaquensis). Santos, Lima, Souza, Silva, and Pederassi, 2014, Herpetol. Rev., 45: 654, provided a record (as Leptodactylus chaquensis) for the state of Piauí, northeastern Brazil, and discussed the range. Schulze, Jansen, and Köhler, 2015, Zootaxa, 4016: 69–70, described, diagnosed, and pictured the larva (as Leptodactylus chaquensis). In the Leptodactylus latrans species group of de Sá, Grant, Camargo, Heyer, Ponssa, and Stanley, 2014, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 9(Spec. Issue 1): 1–123, and who provided a summary of relevant literature (adult and larval morphology, identification, advertisement call, and range) on pp. 65–70 (as both Leptodactylus chaquensis and Leptodactylus macrosternum), and who suggested that until the Leptodactylus latrans–Leptodactylus macrosternum–Leptodactylus chaquensis complex is resolved that the species can be stated with certainty only to occur at its type locality. Santos-Pereira, Pombal, and Rocha, 2018, Biota Neotrop., 18 (3: e20170322): 1–19, suggested that isolated records of nominal Leptodactylus chaquensis from Paraná, Brazil, require confirmation but with the synonymy of this taxon with Leptodactylus macrosternum, this concern evaporates. Ferreira, Cascon, and Matthews-Cascon, 2019, Herpetol. Notes, 12: 865–868, reported on reproduction and range into the state of Ceará, Brazil. Neves, Yves, Pereira Silva, Alves, Vasques, Coelho, and Silva, 2019, Herpetozoa, Wien, 32: 113–123, provided habitat information and records (as Leptodactylus chaquensis) for western Minas Gerais, Brazil. Dubeux, Silva, Nascimento, Gonçalves, and Mott, 2019, Rev. Nordestina Zool., 12: 18–52, summarized the literature on larval morphology. See Dubeux, Nascimento, Lima, Magalhães, Silva, Gonçalves, Almeida, Correia, Garda, Mesquita, Rossa-Feres, and Mott, 2020, Biota Neotrop., 20 (2: e20180718): 1–24, for characterization and identification of larvae north of the Rio São Francisco in the Atlantic Forest of northeastern Brazil. Dubeux, Gonçalves, Ramos, Melo, Silva, and Mott, 2020, Herpetol. Notes, 13: 997–1002, provided a record for Pedra Talhada Biological Reseerve, Quebrangulo Municipality, Alagoas, Brazil, and commented on natural history and range. Magalhães, Lyra, Carvalho, Baldo, Brusquetti, Burella, Colli, Gehara, Giaretta, Haddad, Langone, López, Napoli, Santana, de Sá, and Garda, 2020, Herpetol. Monogr., 34: 131–177, revised and reviewed the species and its near relatives. Reported from the Environmental Protection Area of Catolé and Fernão Velho, Alagoas, Brazil, by Dubeux, Nascimento, Gonçalves, and Mott, 2021, Pap. Avulsos Zool., São Paulo, 61 (e20216176): 1–10, who provided a key to the frogs of that region. Palmeira, Gonçalves, Dubeux, Lima, Lambertini, Valencia-Aguilar, Jenkinson, James, Toledo, and Mott, 2022, Cuad. Herpetol., 36: 65–75, reported on habitat in Natural Heritage Reserve Mata Estrela, Baía Formosa, Rio Grande do Norte state, Brazil. Taucce, Costa-Campos, Carvalho, and Michalski, 2022, Eur. J. Taxon., 836: 96–130, reported on distribution, literature, and conservation status for Amapá, Brazil. Schiesari, Rossa-Feres, Menin, and Hödl, 2022, Zootaxa, 5223: 89–90, detailed larval and metamorph morphology and natural history.   

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