Pleurodema marmoratum (Duméril and Bibron, 1840)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Leptodactylidae > Subfamily: Leiuperinae > Genus: Pleurodema > Species: Pleurodema marmoratum

Leiuperus marmoratus Duméril and Bibron, 1840, Preprint Pl. 13, Voy. Am. Merid. 1826–1833: Pl. 13, fig. 1-4; Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 6: 421. Syntypes: MNHNP 760 (2 specimens), according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 31; MNHNP 760b regarded as holotype by Lescure, Bour, Ineich, Ohler, and Ortiz, 2002, C. R. Palevol, Paris, 1: 531. Type locality: Not stated; given as "L’Amerique du Sud . . . Potosi" [presumably Bolivia] by Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 6: 421. Given as "Potosí, Bolivia" by Cei, 1962, Batr. Chile: 102. Original publication discussed byLescure, Bour, Ineich, Ohler, and Ortiz, 2002, C. R. Palevol, Paris, 1: 527–532. 

Chianopelas maculatus Tschudi, 1845, Arch. Naturgesch., 11: 168. Types: Not designated, presumably MHNN. Type locality: "Republica Peruana". Substitute name coined as a junior synonym of Leiuperus marmoratus Duméril and Bibron, 1841.

Leiuperus viridis Tschudi, 1845, Arch. Naturgesch., 11: 168. Types: Not designated, although presumably MHNN. Type locality: "Republica Peruana"; given as "Altos von Tuctu auf einer Höhe von beinahe 16000 Fuss ü. M. gefunden", Peru, by Tschudi, 1846 "1845", Untersuch. Fauna Peruana, Herpetol.: 70 Synonymy by Peters, 1873, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1873: 623.

Chianopelas viridisTschudi, 1845, Arch. Naturgesch., 11: 168. Alternative name.

Chionopelas fuscus Tschudi, 1846 "1845", Untersuch. Fauna Peruana, Herpetol.: 70. Substitute name for Leiuperus viridis Tschudi, 1845.

Leiuperus sagittifer Schmidt, 1857, Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Phys. Math. Naturwiss. Kl., 24: 10. Holotype: Originally in in KM; NHMW 16516 according to Savage, 1970, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 38: 273-288 (who did not locate it); subsequently listed as a syntype by Häupl and Tiedemann, 1978, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 2: 23, and Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 27. Type locality: "Neu Granada". Synonymy by XXX. (after Parker, 1927).

Paludicola marmorataBoulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 235.

Paludicola sagittiferaBoulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 236.

Paludicola sagittiferNieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 512; Cochran and Goin, 1970, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 288: 486-488.

Pleurodema marmorataParker, 1927, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 20: 475.

Pleurodema sagittiferParker, 1927, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 20: 475.

Pleurodema marmorata marmorataVellard, 1960, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Javier Prado, 10: 10.

Pleurodema marmorata infuscata Vellard, 1960, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Javier Prado, 10: 10. Syntypes: deposition not noted, but in MUSM (many specimens); MUSM 1540 designated lectotype by Morales, Carrillo, and Ortega, 1990, Publ. Mus. Hist. Nat. Univ. Nac. Mayor San Marcos, 33: 3. Type localities: "La Viuda, 4,750 metros" Vellard Nos. 133-138), "Huayllay, 4,350 metros" (Vellard No. 285), "San Jose de Huaron, 4,400 metros" (Vellard No. 143), as well as specimens from "laguna de Huaroncocha, 4,500 metro; Huarón, 4,250 metros y Huayllay", Peru.

Pleurodema marmorata viridisVellard, 1960, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Javier Prado, 10: 10.

Pleurodema marmoratumDuellman, 1993, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 21: 128; De la Riva and Gonzales-Álvarez, 1998, Alytes, 16: 68. Justified emendation.

Phrynopus spectabilis Duellman, 2000, Herpetologica, 56: 279. Holotype: UF 103995, by original designation. Type locality: "12 km S of Catac (09° 53′ S, 77° 24′ W, 3850 m), Provincia Recuay, Departamento Ancash, Peru". Synonymy by Lehr, 2006, Herpetologica, 62: 342.

English Names

Marbled Four-eyed Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 84).

Distribution

Andean central Peru through Andean Bolivia and northeastern Chile (Parinacota, Región of Arica and Parinacota, to Coska, Antofagosta) to adjacent extreme northern Argentina, 3920–4480 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Peru

Comment

See account by Cei, 1962, Batr. Chile: 102-103. Sinsch, 1986, Bol. Lima, 8 (45): 23–33, characterized adults and larvae. Sallaberry-Ayerza, Pastenes-O., Correa-Quezada, and Méndez-Torres, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 349, provided a range extension in Chile. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as nominal Phrynopus spectabilis) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 408. Ferraro and Casagranda, 2009, Zootaxa, 2024: 33-55, provided a detailed discussion of range in Argentina. See Lobos, Vidal-Maldonado, Correa-Quezada, Labra-Lillo, Díaz-Páez, Charrier, Rabanal, Díaz-Vidal, and Tala, 2013, Anf. Chile Conserv. 1–104, for photograph, comments on conservation status, and range. Fibla, Cruz-Jofré, Sallaberry-Ayerza, Méndez, and Pastenes-O., 2020, Herpetozoa, Wien, 33: 1–5, discussed and mapped the range in the Chilean altiplano. 

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