Physalaemus biligonigerus (Cope, 1861)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Leptodactylidae > Subfamily: Leiuperinae > Genus: Physalaemus > Species: Physalaemus biligonigerus

Hyobates fuscomaculatus Jan, 1857, Cenni Mus. Civ. Milano: 52. Type(s): MSNM. Type locality: "Brasile". Nomen nudum, likely in this synonymy (DRF), attributed to Tschudi and Fitzinger, presumably from jar labels.

Liuperus biligonigerus Cope, 1861 "1860", Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 12: 517. Holotype: ANSP 2265, according to Milstead, 1963, Copeia, 1963: 565. Type locality: "Buenos Ayres", Argentina. Corrected to "the surroundings of La Paz, Entre Rios Province, Argentina" by Kolenc, Baldo, Borteiro, Marango, Ferraro, and Faivovich, 2011, Copeia, 2011: 513.

Pleurodema biligonigeraCope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14: 352.

Eupemphix fuscomaculatus Steindachner, 1864, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 14: 272. Holotype: NHMW 4316, according to Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 21. Type locality: "Caiçara in Brasilien", near S. Luiz de Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Rendered as "Caiçara, Municipality of Cáceres, State of Mato Grosso, Brazil" by Nascimento, Pimenta, Cruz, and Caramaschi, 2006, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 1: 172. Synonymy by Kolenc, Baldo, Borteiro, Marango, Ferraro, and Faivovich, 2011, Copeia, 2011: 513.

Hiobates fuscomaculatus Steindachner, 1864, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 14: 272. Name provided in synonymy of Eupemphix fuscomaculatus and attributed to Fitzinger and Tschudi. Synonymy by Kolenc, Baldo, Borteiro, Marango, Ferraro, and Faivovich, 2011, Copeia, 2011: 513

Gomphobates fuscomaculataSteindachner, 1867, Reise Österreichischen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Amph.: 12.

Hiobates fuscus Steindachner, 1867, Reise Österreichischen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Amph.: 12. MS name attributed to Fitzinger and proposed in synonymy of Eupemphix fuscomaculatus.

Lystris fuscomaculataCope, 1869 "1868", Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 20: 312. Presumably based on specimens of Physalaemus marmoratus (DRF).

Gomphobates biligonigerusCope, 1870 "1869", Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 11: 168.

Paludicola (Gomphobates) biligonigerusPeters, 1873, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1873: 616.

Paludicola fuscomaculataBoulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 233.

Paludicola biligonigeraBoulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 234.

Physalaemus biligonigerusParker, 1927, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 20: 458; Gallardo, 1964, Neotropica, 10: 25.

Physalaemus fuscomaculataParker, 1927, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 20: 459.

Physalaemus fuscomaculatusCochran, 1955 "1954", Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 206: 345. Presumably based on specimens of Physalaemus marmoratus (DRF).

Physalaemus fuscumaculatusCei, 1980, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Monogr., 2: 389. Incorrect subsequent spelling of the epithet.

Pleurodema fuscomaculataNascimento, Pimenta, Cruz, and Caramaschi, 2006, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 1: 166. Gender disagreement. 

Pleurodema fuscomaculatum — Kolenc, Borteiro, Baldo, Ferraro, and Prigioni, 2009, Zootaxa, 1969: 2. Gender correction of species name. 

English Names

Weeping Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 83).

Distribution

Northern and central Argentina; adjacent Bolivia; central and western Paraguay; Uruguay; southern Brazil.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay

Comment

In the Physalaemus biligonigerus group of Nascimento, Caramaschi, and Cruz, 2005, Arq. Mus. Nac., Rio de Janeiro, 63: 309. Reviewed by Barrio, 1965, Physis, Buenos Aires, 25: 421-448, who noted that this is a sibling species of Physalaemus santafecinus. See comment under Physalaemus santafecinus. See brief account by Klappenbach and Langone, 1992, An. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Montevideo, Ser. 2, 8: 194. Márquez, De la Riva, and Bosch, 1995, J. Zool., London, 237: 313–336, reported on vocalization in Bolivia. Confused in the literature with Physalaemus fuscomaculatus, which has resulted in considerable problems in delimiting ranges according to De la Riva, Köhler, Lötters, and Reichle, 2000, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 14: 43, who discussed its presence in Bolivia. Köhler, 2000, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 48: 139, provided a brief account. Achaval and Olmos, 2003, Anf. Rept. Uruguay, ed. 2: 28, provided a brief account and photograph for the Uruguay population. Brusquetti and Lavilla, 2006, Cuad. Herpetol., 20: 17, briefly discussed the range in Paraguay. Nomura, Rossa-Feres, and Prado, 2003, Zootaxa, 370: 1–8, reported on larval morphology. Borteiro and Kolenc, 2007, Zootaxa, 1638: 1–20, described larval morphology from the Uruguay population. Moreno and Gutierrez, 2008, Cuad. Herpetol., 22: 49-50, provided a record for the Province of San Luis, Argentina, and discussed the range. Weiler, Núñez, Airaldi, Lavilla, Peris, and Baldo, 2013, Anf. Paraguay: 102, provided a brief account, image, and dot map for Paraguay. In the Physalaemus cuvieri clade, Physalaemus biligonigerus species group, of Lourenço, Targueta, Baldo, Nascimento, Garcia, Andrade, Haddad, and Recco-Pimentel, 2015, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 92: 204–216. Schulze, Jansen, and Köhler, 2015, Zootaxa, 4016: 63–64, described, diagnosed, and pictured the larva. Salas, Zavattieri, di Tada, Martino, and Bridarolli, 1998, Cuad. Herpetol., 12: 37–48, discussed the call. Chuliver and Fabrezi, 2019, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 14: 150–161, provided a developmental staging table. Santos-Pereira, Pombal, and Rocha, 2018, Biota Neotrop., 18 (3: e20170322): 1–19, suggested that isolated records from Paraná, Brazil, require confirmation. Hepp and Pombal, 2020, Zootaxa, 4725: 1–106, discussed this species as part of a genus-wide discussion of bioacoustical traits among the species. Rossa-Feres and Nomura, 2006 "2005", Biota Neotrop., São Paulo, 6 (2: bn00706012006): 1–24, characterized larval morphology of this species (as Physalaemus fuscomaculatus) and provided a key to the larvae of northwestern São Paulo state, Brazil.   

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