Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Rhinella iserni (Jiménez de la Espada, 1875)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Rhinella > Species: Rhinella iserni

Oxyrhynchus iserni Jiménez de la Espada, 1875, Vert. Viaje Pacif. Verif. 1862–1865: 185. Holotype: MNCN 3057, according to Hoogmoed, 1985, in Frost (ed.), Amph. Species World: 49. Type locality: "en los andes de Chanchamayo, al N.E. de Tarma (Perú)".

Bufo iserni — Savage, 1978, in Espada's Vert. Viaje Pacif.: xiii.

Rhinella iserni — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 366.

Rhinella yunga Moravec, Lehr, Cusi, Córdova, and Gvoždík, 2014, ZooKeys, 371: 41. Holotype: MUSM 31097, by original designation. Type locality: "Quebrada San Alberto (ca. 10° 34′ S, 75° 23′ W) at 1950 m a.s.l., in the buffer zone of the Yanachaga-Chemillén National Park (Sector San Alberto), Distrito de Oxapampa, Provincia de Oxapampa, Región Pasco, Peru". Zoobank: http://zoobank.org/36EB4C22-3BCB-4371-90AA-8F5CE2E6B571 . Synonymy by Pereyra, Blotto, Baldo, Chaparro, Ron, Elias-Costa, Iglesias, Venegas, Thomé, Ospina-Sarria, Maciel, Rada, Kolenc, Borteiro, Rivera-Correa, Rojas-Runjaic, Moravec, De la Riva, Wheeler, Castroviejo-Fisher, Grant, Haddad, and Faivovich, 2021, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 447: 63.

English Names

Rio Perene Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 42).

Peruvian Earless Toad (Rhinella yunga [no longer recognized]: Stynoski, Trama, Rizo Patrón, Tapia, and Hoke, 2020, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 15: 85).

Distribution

Upper reaches of Andean valleys of Pasco and Junin, Peru, 1800 to 2230 m elevation.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Peru

Endemic: Peru

Comment

Soon after its description this taxon was synonymized with Bufo margaritifer (as Bufo typhonius) by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 318. Savage, 1978, in Espada's Vert. Viaje Pacif.: xiii, however, recognized it as valid. Excluded from Rhinella (as the Bufo margaritifer group) by Hoogmoed, 1986, in Rocek (ed.), Studies in Herpetol.: 147–150, Hoogmoed, 1989, in Fontenet (ed.), Treballs Ictiol. Herpetol., 2: 172, and Hoogmoed, 1990, in Peters and Hutterer (eds.), Vert. Tropics: 116. Included, without comment, in the Bufo margaritifer group by Duellman and Schulte, 1992, Copeia, 1992: 162–172. Fouquet, Gaucher, Blanc, and Vélez-Rodriguez, 2007, Zootaxa, 1663: 18, excluded this species from the Rhinella margaritifera group. Stynoski, Trama, Rizo Patrón, Tapia, and Hoke, 2020, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 15: 85–96, reported (as Rhinella yunga) on calls, larvae, female competition and reproductive ecology. In the Rhinella margaritifera clade, Rhinella margaritifera group of Pereyra, Blotto, Baldo, Chaparro, Ron, Elias-Costa, Iglesias, Venegas, Thomé, Ospina-Sarria, Maciel, Rada, Kolenc, Borteiro, Rivera-Correa, Rojas-Runjaic, Moravec, De la Riva, Wheeler, Castroviejo-Fisher, Grant, Haddad, and Faivovich, 2021, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 447: 1–156.

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To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
For additional information see AmphibiaWeb report
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For information on distribution, habitat, and conservation see the Map of Life
For related information on conservation and images as well as observations see iNaturalist
For access to available specimen data for this species, from over 350 scientific collections, go to Vertnet.