Peltophryne guentheri (Cochran, 1941)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Bufonidae > Genus: Peltophryne > Species: Peltophryne guentheri

Bufo gutturosus Latreille In Sonnini de Manoncourt and Latreille, 1801 "An. X", Hist. Nat. Rept., 2: 135. Types: Not stated; in the MNHNP according to Daudin, 1802 "An. XI", Hist. Nat. Rain. Gren. Crap., Quarto: 82, and who illustrated the type on pl. 34, fig. 2; and Daudin, 1803 "An. XI", Hist. Nat. Gen. Part. Rept., 8: 166. Type locality: Not known. Synonymy with Bufo strumosus and Bufo granulosus by Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 6: 716.

Bufo strumosus Daudin, 1802 "An. XI", Hist. Nat. Rain. Gren. Crap., Quarto: 83-84, pl. 34, fig. 2. Types: Animal figured on pl. 34, fig. 2 of the original publication, stated to be in MNHNP but not confirmed recently. Type locality: Unknown. Synonymy (as "Bufo strumosus Daudin, 1803, Hist. Nat. Gen Part. Rept., 8: 166") by Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 67 (with Bufo gutturosus); by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 324. Synonymy with "Bufo gutturosus Daudin" by Gravenhorst, 1829, Delic. Mus. Zool. Vratislav., 1: 59. Preoccupied by Buffo strumosus Lacépède, 1788 (= Bufo bufo).

Bombinator strumosusMerrem, 1820, Tent. Syst. Amph.: 179.

Chascax strumosusRitgen, 1828, Nova Acta Phys. Med. Acad. Caesar Leopold Carol., Halle, 14: 278.

Phrynoidis gutturosusCope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14: 358.

Bufo (Peltophryne) gutturosusPeters, 1877 "1876", Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1876: 709. Based on specimens of Peltophryne lemur according to Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 570.

Bufo güntheri Cochran, 1941, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 177: 8. Holotype: USNM 59081, by original designation. Type locality: "Port-au-Prince, [Département de l'Ouest,] Haiti".

Bufo güntheri güntheriSchwartz, 1972, J. Herpetol., 6: 218.

Bufo guntheriGorham, 1974, Checklist World Amph.: 80.

Bufo güntheri fractus Schwartz, 1972, J. Herpetol., 6: 218. Holotype: USNM 189235, by original designation. Type locality: "0.7 mi. (1.1 km) W Higüey, La Altagracia Province, República Dominica". Synonymy by Landestoy T., Turner, Marion, and Hedges, 2018, Zootaxa, 4403: 523. 

Bufo guntheri fractus — Schwartz and Thomas, 1975, Spec. Publ. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 1: 12.

Peltophryne guntheriPregill, 1981, Copeia, 1981: 273.

Peltophryne guentheriFrost, 1985, Amph. Species World: 74; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 365.

Peltaphryne guentheri guentheriSchwartz and Henderson, 1985, Milwaukee Public Mus. Contrib. Biol. Geol., 74: 45.

Bufo guentheriHedges, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 100, by implication; Pramuk, 2000, J. Herpetol., 34: 334.

English Names

Gunther's [sic] Caribbean Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 45).

Eastern Crested Toad (Peltophryne fracta [no longer recognized]: Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 183).

Southern Hispaniola Crestless Toad (Hedges, Powell, Henderson, Hanson, and Murphy, 2019, Caribb. Herpetol., 67: 8). 

Distribution

Hispaniola in the lowlands of Haiti through the Cibao Valley, Paine de Cul de Sac (Haiti) into the Valle de Neiba and into the San Juan Valley and in the vicinity of Higüey(Dominican Republic), below 500 m elevation. 

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Dominican Republic, Haiti

Comment

Reviewed by Powell, 1992, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 535: 1-4 (as including Bufo fractus). Pramuk, 2002, Herpetol. Monogr., 16: 121-151, reported on the phylogenetic relationships of this species, suggesting it to be most closely related to Bufo lemur. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Bufo guentheri) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 184. Henderson and Powell, 2009, Nat. Hist. Rept. Amph. W. Indies: 28–29, summarized the natural history literature (as Bufo empusus). Powell, 1993, Herpetol. Rev., 24: 135-137, suggested that Bufo guentheri fractus warranted binominal status. Subsequently, Powell, Ottenwalder, and Incháustegui, 1999, in Crother (ed.), Caribb. Amph. Rept.: 100, treated it as a distinct species. See comment under Bufo guentheri. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Bufo fractus) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 183. Henderson and Powell, 2009, Nat. Hist. Rept. Amph. W. Indies: 27, summarized the natural history literature (as Bufo fractus). Ríos-López, 2023, In Rios-Lopez and Heatwole (eds.), Conserv. Biogeograph. Amph. Caribb.: 218–262, discussed conservation status and related issues in Haiti.

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