Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Search tool	Example of search string in box	What that means to the database
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	Hyl*	Will find all uses of "Hyl . . ." anywhere in a record: e.g., Hylarana, Hyla, Hylidae, Hylinae, Hylaedactyla.
* = "wildcard". Allows a partial letter string to be entered and implies either no or various extension on this letter string	*Hyla	Will find all uses of ". . . hyla" anywhere in a record: e.g., Hyla, Hylidae, Plectrohyla, Ptychadena hylaea, Adenomera hylaedactyla
Single word	Hyla	Will find all records that contain stand-alone uses of Hyla: e.g., Hyla, Hyla arenicolor
Strings of words without quotation marks	Lithobates pipiens	Interprets this as "Lithobates OR pipiens" so will find the union of all records that contain either "Lithobates" or "pipiens": e.g., Lithobates omiltemanus, Hylorana pipiens
Strings of word with quotation marks	"Lithobates pipiens"	Interprets this as "Lithobates AND pipiens" so will return all records that have the character string "Lithobates pipiens" anywhere within a record: e.g., all members of the Lithobates pipiens complex.
AND statement. Means that the results of the search must include both words held together by an AND	Lithobates AND pipiens	Same as "Lithobates pipiens"
OR statement. Means that the results of the search will all records that have either of the terms held together by an OR	Lithobates OR "Costa Rica"	Recovers all records that contain the word "Lithobates" or "Costa Rica": 402 records inasmuch as this will include all records for the entire amphibian fauna of Costa Rica
Combining Boolean operators within the Basic Search box (AND, OR, NOT, quotation marks)	Lithobates AND "Costa Rica" NOT forreri	Recovers only records that contain the word Lithobates AND "Costa Rica", but excludes any record that contains the word "forreri" in any part of the record: 9 records
Printable HELP file

Craugastor fitzingeri (Schmidt, 1857)

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Superfamily: Brachycephaloidea > Family: Craugastoridae > Genus: Craugastor > Species: Craugastor fitzingeri

Hylodes fitzingeri Schmidt, 1857, Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Phys. Math. Naturwiss. Kl., 24: 12. Holotype: KM 1012/1343, lost according to Savage, 1970, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 38: 273–288, who designated LACM 76859 neotype. Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 530, discussed reasons for rejecting the neotype designation. Type locality: "Neu-Granada"; expanded by Schmidt, 1858, Denkschr. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Math. Naturwiss. Kl., 14: 248 to "Cordilleren von Neu-Granada [western Panama] in einer Höhe von gegen 4000′ [Polish feet, therefore = 915 m, according to Savage, 1970, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 38: 273–288]". Neotype from "Panamá: Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island, near the laboratory".

Hyla grisea Hallowell, 1861 "1860", Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 12: 485. Holotype: Not stated, although possibly in USNM; reported as ANSP, lost, by Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 296, who designated LACM 76859 neotype. Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 530, rejected the neotype designation. Type locality: "Nicaragua". Neotype from "Panamá: Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island, near the laboratory". Synonymy by Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 289–299.

Hylodes (Craugastor) fitzingeri — Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14: 153.

Craugastor pulchrigulus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14: 357. Holotype: USNM 4354, lost, according to Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 296, who designated LACM 76859 neotype. Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 530, rejected the neotype designation. Type locality: "Truando", Depto. Chocó, Colombia. Neotype from "Panamá: Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island, near the laboratory". Synonymy by Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 298.

Hylodes (Craugastor) pulchrigulus — Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 15: 48.

Hylodes (Craugastor) griseus — Cope, 1863, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 15: 48.

Lithodytes (Craugastor) griseus — Cope, 1866, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 18: 132.

Leiyla Güntheri Keferstein, 1868, Arch. Naturgesch., 34: 296. Holotype: ZIUG, now destroyed, according to Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 296, who designated LACM 76859 as neotype. Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 530, rejected the neotype designation. Type locality: "Costarica". Neotype from "Panamá: Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island, near the laboratory". Also described as new by Keferstein, 1868, Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, 1868: 330. Synonymy by Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 289–299. Junior secondary homonym of Hylodes güntheri Steindachner, 1864.

Lithodytes guentheri — Cope, 1887, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 32: 16.

Liohyla guentheri — Günther, 1900, Biol. Centr. Amer., Rept. Batr., Vol. 7, Part 155: 220.

Hylodes nubilus Günther, 1901, Biol. Centr. Amer., Rept. Batr., Vol. 7, Part 162: 237. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.15.80 (formerly 1902.5.13.29), according to museum records. Type locality: "Costa Rica, [Provincia de San José, Cantón de Escazú,] Escazu", 1000 m. Savage, 1974, Rev. Biol. Tropical, 22: 90, commented on the type locality. Synonymy by Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 289–299.

Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582–583, by implication; Dunn, 1931, Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5: 385.

Eleutherodactylus nubilus — Noble, 1918, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 38: 331; Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 762.

Eleutherodactylus griseus — Cei, 1956, Invest. Zool. Chilen., 3: 54.

Eleutherodactylus (Craugastor) fitzingeri — Hedges, 1989, in Woods (ed.), Biogeograph. W. Indies: 317, by implication; Lynch, 1996, in Powell and Henderson (eds.), Contr. W. Indian Herpetol.: 154.

Craugastor fitzingeri — Crawford and Smith, 2005, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 35: 551, by implication; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 360.

Craugastor (Craugastor) fitzingeri — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 37.

Leihyla guentheri — Böhme, 2014, Mertensiella, 21: 87. Incorrect subsequent spelling.

English Names

Fitzinger's Robber Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 74).

Distribution

Humid lowlands and lower montane forest (0–1200 m) from northeastern Honduras, eastern Nicaragua and south and east throughout both Atlantic and Pacific versants of Costa Rica and Panama, and into northwestern Colombia on the Pacific lowlands and upper basins of the Cauca River Valley.

Geographic Occurrence

Natural Resident: Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama

Comment

In the Eleutherodactylus (Craugastor) fitzingeri group, according to Lynch and Duellman, 1997, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 23: 224. See accounts and discussions by Savage, 1974, Herpetologica, 30: 298; Lynch and Myers, 1983, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 175: 530–537; Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 240–241 (who included this species in his Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri series, Eleutherodactylus fitzingeri group, and detailed confusion in the literature with Eleutherodactylus nubilis and Eleutherodactylus ranoides), and McCranie and Wilson, 2002, Amph. Honduras: 392–395. McCranie, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 37, summarized the departmental distribution in Honduras. Höbel, 2005, Herpetol. Rev., 36: 242–244, reported on vocalizations. In the Craugastor fitzingeri species series, Craugastor fitzingeri species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 37, and Padial, Grant, and Frost, 2014, Zootaxa, 3825: 122. See comments by Sunyer, Páiz, Dehling, and Köhler, 2009, Herpetol. Notes, 2: 189–202, regarding Nicaraguan populations. Köhler, 2011, Amph. Cent. Am.: 140–191, provided a key to the genera and species of Brachycephaloidea (= Craugastoridae, Eleutherodactylidae) in Central America and provided maps and photographs of the species, including this one. Estupiñán, Ferrari, Gonçalves, Barbosa, Vallinoto, and Schneider, 2016, ZooKeys, 637: 89–106, suggested on the basis of COI barcodes that cryptic species are likely. Martínez-Fonseca, Holmes, Sunyer, Westeen, Grundler, Cerda, Fernández-Mena, Loza-Molina, Monagan, Nondorf, Pandelis, and Rabosky, 2024, Check List, 20: 65–67, provided a record from Refugio Bartola, Departamento Río San Juan, southern Nicaragua.

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