Dendrobates fantasticus Boulenger, 1884 "1883", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1883: 636. Syntypes: BMNH 1947.2.15.1-4; BMNH 1947.2.15.4 designated lectotype by Silverstone, 1975, Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 21: 35. Type locality: "Yurimaguas, Huallaga River, [Loreto,] Northern Peru".
Dendrobates phantasticus — Werner, 1901, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 51: 631. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Ranitomeya fantasticus — Anonymous, 1985, Ripa, Netherlands, April: 2.
Ranitomeya fantastica — Bauer, 1988, Het Paludarium, Netherlands, November: 6. Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 299: 171.
Red-headed Poison Frog (Walls, 1994, Jewels of the Rainforest: 22; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 49).
Cordillera Escalera and the lowlands to the north in Loreto, Peru.
Schulte, 1999, Pfeilgiftfrösche: 56-69, provided an account. Lötters, Jungfer, Henkel, and Schmidt, 2007, Poison Frogs: 472-475, provided an account and placed this species in their Ranitomeya ventrimaculata group. Brown, Twomey, Pepper, and Sanchez-Rodriguez, 2008, Zootaxa, 1823: 1-24, redelimited the species and its range. In the Ranitomeya reticulata species group of Brown, Twomey, Amézquita, Souza, Caldwell, Lötters, Von May, Melo-Sampaio, Mejía-Vargas, Perez-Peña, Pepper, Poelman, Sanchez-Rodriguez, and Summers, 2011, Zootaxa, 3083: 47, and who provided an account on page 51-52.
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