Hylodes underwoodi Boulenger, 1896, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 18: 340. Syntypes: BMNH (several specimens), by original denotation. Type locality: "La Palma", Cantón de Coronado, Provincia de San José, Costa Rica, 1600 m elevation. Savage, 1974, Rev. Biol. Tropical, 22: 100, commented on the type locality. Given as Ka Oaknam 1600 m, Costa Rica, by Savage and Emerson, 1970, Copeia, 1970: 623-644.
Eleutherodactylus underwoodi — Stejneger, 1904, Annu. Rep. U.S. Natl. Mus. for 1902: 582-583. by implication; Lynch, 1965, Nat. Hist. Misc., 182: 7.
Microbatrachylus underwoodi — Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 664.
Craugastor underwoodi — Crawford and Smith, 2005, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 35: 551. by implication; Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 361.
Craugastor (Craugastor) underwoodi — Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 41.
None noted.
Humid premontane slopes and lower montane belt (920-1590 m elevation) of the cordillera Central, Cordillera Costeña, Cordillera de Tilaran, and Cordillera de Talamanca, likely into western Panama.
Resurrected from the synonymy of Eleutherodactylus bransfordii by Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 262 (where it had been placed by Savage and Emerson, 1970, Copeia, 1970: 623-644), and who provided an account and placed it in his Eleutherodactylus rhodopis series, Eleutherodactylus rhodopis group. In the Craugastor rhodopis species series, Craugastor podiciferus species group of Hedges, Duellman, and Heinicke, 2008, Zootaxa, 1737: 41.
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