Rhaebo haematiticus Cope, 1862
Bufo melanogaster Hallowell, 1861 "1860", Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 12: 486. Holotype: Not stated or known to exist, presumably originally in ANSP. Type locality: "Nicaragua". Tentative synonymy by Villa, 1972, Anf. Nicaragua: 101, although he and Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 146, regarded this taxon as a nomen dubium and Villa regarded it a nomen oblitum as well.
Rhaebo haematiticus — Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14: 357.
Bufo haematiticus Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14: 157. Syntypes: Not stated; USNM 48448-49 according to Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 34. Type locality: "Region of the Truando [Chocó], New Granada [Colombia]".
Bufo haematiticus var. lachrymans Cope, 1862, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 14: 158. Types: "Mus. Smithsonian, (No. 4344) Acad. Philada."; USNM 4344 considered a syntype according to Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 33, but ANSP specimen has not been located. Type locality: "Region of the Truando [Chocó], New Granada [Colombia]". Synonymy by Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 598.
Bufo (Rhaebo) haematiticus — Keferstein, 1867, Nachr. Ges. Wiss. Göttingen, 18: 353-354.
Bufo caeruleocellatus Fowler, 1913, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 65: 154. Holotype: ANSP 21092 (formerly 18069), according to Malnate, 1971, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 123: 349. Type locality: "Bucay, province of Guayas, western Ecuador". Synonymy by Gorham, 1974, Checklist World Amph.: 80, and Hoogmoed, 1989, Zool. Verh., Leiden, 250: 27.
Rhaebo haematiticus — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 365.
English Names
Truando Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 42).
Blackbelly Toad (Bufo melanogaster [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 42).
Distribution
Humid lowlands and premontane slopes from eastern Honduras (Caribbean slopes) and from southern Costa Rica (Pacific versant) south to northern Colombia (western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental and eastern slopes of the Cordillera Central) and adjacent Venezuela in the Sierra de Perijá, to western Ecuador.
Comment
See Taylor, 1952, Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull., 35: 598-601, for account. For a recent range extension see Cruz-Díaz and Wilson, 1983, Herpetol. Rev., 14: 31. Barrio-Amorós, 2001, Herpetol. Rev., 32: 189, provided the Venezuela record. See accounts by Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 198-199, and McCranie and Wilson, 2002, Amph. Honduras: 177-179. Barrio-Amorós, 2004, Rev. Ecol. Latino Am., 9: 3, noted Venezuelan distribution and relevant literature. McCranie, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 38, summarized the departmental distribution in Honduras. See account by Mueses-Cisneros, 2009 "2008", Herpetotropicos, Mérida, 5: 29-48, who redelimited the species, named one new species out of the complex, identified another unnamed species from Valle del Cauca, Colombia, and provided a detailed account for the named species; see comments under Rhaebo hypomelas and Rhaebo andinophrynoides. See comments by Sunyer, Páiz, Dehling, and Köhler, 2009, Herpetol. Notes, 2: 189-202, regarding Nicaraguan populations.
External Links
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
