Pelophryne Barbour, 1938
Pelophryne Barbour, 1938, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 51: 192. Type species: Pelophryne albotaeniata Barbour, 1938, by original designation.
English Names
Flathead Toads (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 45).
Dwarf Toads (Ananjeva, Borkin, Darevsky, and Orlov, 1988, Dict. Amph. Rept. Five Languages: 43).
Distribution
Philippines; Borneo; Malaya and adjacent Singapore; Hainan I., China.
Comment
Graybeal and Cannatella, 1995, Herpetologica, 51: 122, noted that there is no unambiguous evidence in support of the monophyly of this taxon. See comment under Parapelophryne. Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 129, on the basis of molecular evidence considered Pelophryne to be distantly related to other Asian bufonids, and most closely related to South American Rhinella and Ramphophryne. Inger, 1966, Fieldiana, Zool., 52: 78-90, reviewed the Bornean species and Inger, 1954, Fieldiana, Zool., 33: 233-239, reviewed the Philippine forms. See Inger, 1960, Fieldiana, Zool., 39: 415-418, for revisory notes. Smith and Chiszar, 2006, Herpetol. Conserv. Biol., 1: 6-8, implied that this taxon should be considered a subgenus of Bufo; see comment under Bufonidae. Van Bocxlaer, Biju, Loader, and Bossuyt, 2009, BMC Evol. Biol., 9 (e131): 1-10, and Van Bocxlaer, Loader, Roelants, Biju, Menegon, and Bossuyt, 2010, Science, 327: 679-682, on the basis of molecular evidence suggested that Pelophryne is the sister taxon of Ansonia. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, in their study of Genbank sequences, confirmed this relationship and provided a tree of their exemplar species.
Contained taxa
- Pelophryne albotaeniata Barbour, 1938
- Pelophryne api Dring, 1983
- Pelophryne brevipes (Peters, 1867)
- Pelophryne guentheri (Boulenger, 1882)
- Pelophryne lighti (Taylor, 1920)
- Pelophryne linanitensis Das, 2008
- Pelophryne misera (Mocquard, 1890)
- Pelophryne murudensis Das, 2008
- Pelophryne rhopophilia Inger and Stuebing, 1996
- Pelophryne saravacensis Inger and Stuebing, 2009
- Pelophryne signata (Boulenger, 1895)
External Links
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- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
