Osornophryne Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976
Osornophryne Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976, Caldasia, 11: 97. Type species: Osornophryne percrassa Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976, by original designation.
English Names
Plump Toads (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 45).
Distribution
Cordillera Central in Colombia to central Andes of Ecuador, between 2700 and 3700 m.
Comment
For discussion and review see Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976, Caldasia, 11: 93-148. See Cannatella, 1986, Herpetologica, 42: 197-205, for discussion of phylogenetic relationships. Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 129, regarded it as most closely related to Atelopus of the exemplars that they studied. Van Bocxlaer, Loader, Roelants, Biju, Menegon, and Bossuyt, 2010, Science, 327: 679-682, suggested that Osornophryne was distantly related to Atelopus, but still attaching to the bufonid tree near the base. Hoogmoed, 1987, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 61: 209-242, provided a key. See comment under Nannophryne cophotis. See comment under Incilius fastidiosus. Graybeal and Cannatella, 1995, Herpetologica, 51: 122, presented evidence supporting the monophyly of Osornophryne. Gluesenkamp, 1995, Herpetologica, 51: 268-279, discussed the distinctiveness of Osornophryne sumacoensis, Osornophryne guacamayo, and Osornophryne antisana. Mueses-Cisneros, 2003, Caldasia, 25: 419-427, reviewed the species in Colombia. Páez-Moscoso, Guayasamin, and Yánez-Muñoz, 2011, ZooKeys, 108: 73-97, provided a key to the species within the genus and a mtDNA tree of the species. Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, in their study of Genbank sequences, did not find Osornophryne as the sister taxon of Atelopus (among their exemplar taxa), but as the sister taxon of all bufonids excepting Melanophryniscus and Atelopus. Páez-Moscoso and Guayasamin, 2012, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 65: 805-822, provided a species tree.
Contained taxa
- Osornophryne angel Yánez-Muñoz, Altamirano-Benavides, Cisneros-Heredia, and Gluesenkamp, 2011
- Osornophryne antisana Hoogmoed, 1987
- Osornophryne bufoniformis (Peracca, 1904)
- Osornophryne cofanorum Mueses-Cisneros, Yánez-Muñoz, and Guayasamin, 2010
- Osornophryne guacamayo Hoogmoed, 1987
- Osornophryne occidentalis Cisneros-Heredia and Gluesenkamp, 2011
- Osornophryne percrassa Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976
- Osornophryne puruanta Gluesenkamp and Guayasamin, 2008
- Osornophryne simpsoni Páez-Moscoso, Guayasamin, and Yánez-Muñoz, 2011
- Osornophryne sumacoensis Gluesenkamp, 1995
- Osornophryne talipes Cannatella, 1986
External Links
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- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
