Incilius periglenes (Savage, 1967)
Bufo periglenes Savage, 1967 "1966", Rev. Biol. Tropical, 14: 153. Holotype: LACM 1893, by original designation. Type locality: "Costa Rica: Provincia de Alajuela: Cantón de San Carlos: Cordillera de Tilarán, 2 miles ENE of Monteverde, Provincia de Puntarenas; 1590 meters". Savage, 1974, Rev. Biol. Tropical, 22: 98, commented on the type locality.
Cranopsis periglenes — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 364.
Ollotis periglenes — Frost, Grant, and Mendelson, 2006, Copeia, 2006: 558. by implication.
Incilius periglenes — Frost, Mendelson, and Pramuk, 2009, Copeia, 2009: 418-419. By implication.
English Names
Golden Toad (CITES).
Orange Toad (CITES).
Monte Verde Toad (CITES).
Alajuela Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 43; CITES).
Monte Verde Golden Toad (USFWS, CITES).
Distribution
Restricted (formerly; see comment) to the lower montane zone on both slopes along the continental divide between Puntarenas and Alajuela Provinces, Costa Rica, generally north and east of Monteverde, 1500-1620 m elevation.
Comment
In the former Bufo periglenes group of Martin, 1972, in Blair (ed.), Evol. Genus Bufo: 53. See account by Savage, 2002, Amph. Rept. Costa Rica: 202-203. Extinct according to Pounds, Fogden, Savage, and Gorman, 1997, Conserv. Biol., 11: 1307-1322. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Bufo periglenes) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 137. Mendelson, Mulcahy, Williams, and Sites, 2011, Zootaxa, 3138: 1-34, suggested that this species is a member of a monophyletic Incilius coniferus group that includes Incilius coniferus, Incilius chompipe, Incilius epioticus, Incilius fastidiosus, Incilius guanacastes, Incilius holdridgei, Incilius karenlipsae, Incilius periglenes, and Incilius peripatetes.
External Links
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
