Incilius epioticus (Cope, 1875)
Crepidius epioticus Cope, 1875 "1876", J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, 8: 97. Holotype: USNM, not located. Type locality: "from 5000 feet elevation on Pico Blanco [= Cerro Kámuk, Cantón de Talamanca, Provincia Limón]", Costa Rica; in error for Cerro Utyum, according to Savage, 1974, Rev. Biol. Tropical, 22: 110.
Bufo epioticus — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 326.
Crepidophryne epiotica — Cope, 1889, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 34: 260.
Nannophryne epiotica — Günther, 1901, Biol. Centr. Amer., Rept. Batr., Part 164: 257.
Incilius epioticus — Mendelson, Mulcahy, Williams, and Sites, 2011, Zootaxa, 3138: 19.
English Names
Cerro Utyum Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 44).
Distribution
Scattered localities on the Atlantic versant of the Cordillera de Talamanca of Costa Rica and Panama, 1051-2040 m elevation.
Comment
Vaughan and Mendelson, 2007, Copeia, 2007: 305-308, discussed the ecology and systematics of this species. Mendelson, Mulcahy, Williams, and Sites, 2011, Zootaxa, 3138: 1-34, suggested that this species is a member of a monophyletic Incilius coniferus group that includes Incilius coniferus, Incilius chompipe, Incilius epioticus, Incilius fastidiosus, Incilius guanacastes, Incilius holdridgei, Incilius karenlipsae, Incilius periglenes, and Incilius peripatetes.
External Links
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
