Siren intermedia Barnes, 1826
Siren intermedia Barnes, 1826, Am. J. Sci. Arts, 11: 269. Syntypes: "in the Cabinet of the Lyceum", not now known to exist. Type locality: "Southern states", USA; restricted to "Liberty County, Georgia", USA, by Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 14.
Siren intermedia intermedia — Goin, 1942, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 29: 211.
Siren intermedia nettingi Goin, 1942, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 29: 211. Holotype: CM 7580, by original designation. Type locality: "Imboden, Lawrence County, Arkansas", USA.
Siren intermedia texana Goin, 1957, Herpetologica, 13: 37. Holotype: TCWC 10567, by original designation. Type locality: "Texas, Cameron County, seven miles north of Brownsville", USA. Distinctiveness from Siren intermedia nettingi challenged by Flores-Villela and Brandon, 1992, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 61: 289-291.
Siren texana — Dixon, 2000, Amph. Rept. Texas, Ed. 2: 51. See comment.
English Names
Intermediate Siren (Gray, 1831, in Cuvier, Animal Kingdom (Griffith), 9—Appendix: 108).
Dwarf Siren (Siren intermedia: Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 14-15).
Lesser Siren (Siren intermedia: Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 175; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 247; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 9; Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 15; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 36; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 9; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2008, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 37: 22; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 35; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 16; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 31).
Dwarf Siren (Siren intermedia intermedia: Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 14-15).
Eastern Dwarf Siren (Siren intermedia intermedia: Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 458; Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 14-15; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 31).
Eastern Lesser Siren (Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 175; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 248; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 9; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 36; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 10; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 30; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2008, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 37: 22; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 16).
Texas Dwarf Siren (Siren intermedia nettingi: Bishop, 1943, Handb. Salamanders: 461).
Two-legged Eel (Siren intermedia: Viosca, 1949, Pop. Sci. Bull., Louisiana Acad. Sci., 1: 10).
Leconte's Mud-Eel (Siren intermedia: Carr, 1940, Univ. Florida Biol. Sci. Ser., 3: 51).
Netting's Dwarf Siren (Siren intermedia nettingi: Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 15),
Western Lesser Siren (Siren intermedia nettingi: Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 175; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 248; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 9; Liner, 1994, Herpetol. Circ., 23: 15; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 36; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 10; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 30; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2008, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 37: 22; Liner and Casas-Andreu, 2008, Herpetol. Circ., 38: 35; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 16; Tilley, Highton, and Wake, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 31).
Rio Grande Siren (Siren intermedia texana [no longer recognized]: Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 248).
Rio Grande Lesser Siren (Siren intermedia texana [no longer recognized]: Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 9; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 36).
Distribution
Coastal Plain from eastern Virginia to central Florida, southern Georgia and southern Alabama, then north in the drainage of the Mississippi River toeastern Missouri, central Illinois, western Indiana, western Kentucky, and western Tennessee; northeastern Tamaulipas (Mexico) north through East Texas to southeastern Oklahoma and central Arkansas; isolated populations in southwestern Michigan (USA) and north-central Veracruz, Mexico.
Comment
Reviewed by Martof, 1973, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 127: 1-3. Author frequently cited incorrectly as "LeConte, 1827, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, (1)5: 322"; authorships and date of publication discussed by Smith, Smith, and Salvin, 1975, Great Basin Nat., 35: 100-102. Highton, Tilley, and Wake In Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 30, noted that because of the expected extreme drainage loyalty in this species that careful evaluation of geographic variation is warranted. The taxonomic status of the sirens in South Texas is controversial. Flores-Villela and Brandon, 1992, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 61: 289-291, examined the holotype of Siren intermedia texana and considered it indistinguishable from Siren intermedia nettingi. There are, however, two kinds of sirens in the lower Rio Grande Valley, a Siren intermedia type (to which the name texana applies) and a larger Siren lacertina type (which Flores-Villela and Brandon, 1992, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 61: 289-291, referred tentatively to Siren lacertina, otherwise found only in Florida). Dixon, 2000, Amph. Rept. Texas, Ed. 2: 51-52, used the name Siren texana for the large Lower Rio Grande form, citing as evidence that Flores-Villela and Brandon, 1992, Ann. Carnegie Mus., 61: 289-291, might be wrong about the large South Texas Siren being Siren lacertina and a personal communication from Paul Moler regarding unpublished data on blood proteins, although no evidence was presented to counter the identification of the holotype of Siren intermedia texana being a Siren intermedia-type animal, nor evidence to substantiate that the blood protein data was derived from the South Texas large form (Siren lacertina type) rather than the South Texas small form (Siren intermedia type). Mecham and Mitchell, 1983, Herpetol. Rev., 14: 55, discussed the Mexican range. See brief account by Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 36-37. Mecham and Mitchell, 1983, Herpetol. Rev., 14: 55, provided a record in Tamaulipas (9.5 miles north of Tejon), Mexico.
External Links
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- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
- For access to informatoin on fossils see Lisanfos
