Amphibian Species of the World 5.6, an Online Reference

Salamandra maculosa var. infraimmaculata Martens, 1885, Sitzungsber. Ges. Naturforsch. Freunde Berlin, 1884: 195. Type(s): Not stated although likely originally in ZMB. NHMW 15501 designated neotype by Eiselt, 1958, Abh. Ber. Naturkd. Magdeburg, 10: 131. Type locality: "Syrien"; restricted by neotype designation by Eiselt, 1958, Abh. Ber. Naturkd. Magdeburg, 10: 131, to "Bscherreh (Becharreh) in nördlichen Libanon".

Salamandra semenovi Nesterov, 1916, Annu. Mus. Zool. Acad. Sci. Petrograd, 21: 21. Holotype: ZISP. Type locality: "montibus Kurdistani persio-turcici altitudine 5000 pedum supra maris uperfciem" = Sjah (Siyah) Güves, 1500 meters elevation, mountain land of Kurdistan. Synonymy by Wolterstorff, 1932, Bl. Aquar. Terrarienkd., Stuttgart, 43: 43.

Salamandra maculosa var. orientalis Wolterstorff, 1925, Abh. Ber. Mus. Nat. Heimatkd. Magdeburg, 4: 235. Syntypes: 12 specimens, including MM NV423, which was considered "typus" (lectotype by implication) by Wolterstorff, 1932, Bl. Aquar. Terrarienkd., Stuttgart, 43: 42; destroyed in 1945, W.W.II. NHMW 15501 designated neotype by Eiselt, 1958, Abh. Ber. Naturkd. Magdeburg, 10: 131. Type localities: "Balkanhabinsel und Kleinasiens"; restricted by lectotype designation of Wolterstorff, 1932, Bl. Aquar. Terrarienkd., Stuttgart, 43: 42; to "Gulek Boghaz (Pyles ciliciennes) bei Adana". Restricted by neotype designation by Eiselt, 1958, Abh. Ber. Naturkd. Magdeburg, 10: 131, to "Bscherreh (Becharreh) in nördlichen Libanon". (Not Salamandra maculosa orientalis Prazák, 1898)

Salamandra maculosa subsp. semenovi — Wolterstorff, 1925, Abh. Ber. Mus. Nat. Heimatkd. Magdeburg, 4: 241.

Salamandra maculosa forma orientalis — Wolterstorff, 1932, Bl. Aquar. Terrarienkd., Stuttgart, 43: 41.

Salamandra salamandra semenovi — Wolterstorff, 1932, Bl. Aquar. Terrarienkd., Stuttgart, 43: 43.

Salamandra salamandra orientalis — Bodenheimer, 1944, Istanbul Univ. Fen. Fak. Mec., Seri B, 9: 4. Status questioned.

Salamandra salamandra infraimmaculata — Mertens, 1948, Senckenb. Biol., 28: 187 (placed Salamandra salamandra orientalis in synonymy of Salamandra salamandra infraimmaculata).

Salamandra infraimmaculata immaculata — Joger and Steinfartz, 1995, in Llorente et al. (eds.), Scientia Herpetol.: 33.

Salamandra infraimmaculata orientalis — Joger and Steinfartz, 1995, in Llorente et al. (eds.), Scientia Herpetol.: 33.

Salamandra infraimmaculata semenovi — Joger and Steinfartz, 1995, in Llorente et al. (eds.), Scientia Herpetol.: 33.

Salamandra (Oriandra) infraimmaculata infraimmaculata — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 69.

Salamandra (Oriandra) infraimmaculata orientalis — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 69.

Salamandra (Oriandra) infraimmaculata semenovi — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 69.

English Names

None noted.

Distribution

South-central coastal Turkey south along the coast through Syria and Lebanon to northern Israel; isolated populations in southwestern and eastern Turkey, northern Iraq, and northwestern Iran.

Comment

Joger and Steinfartz, 1995, in Llorente et al. (eds.), Scientia Herpetol.: 33-36, discussed and recognized Salamandra infraimmaculata for the former East Mediterranean populations of Salamandra salamandra. Basoglu and Özeti, 1973, Türkiye Amphibileri: 30-35, provided an account for the Turkish populations (as Salamandra salamandra). Thorn and Raffaëlli, 2000, Salamand. Ancien Monde: 163-187, provided an account. Özeti and Yilmaz, 1994, Türkiye Amfibileri: 43-50, provided an account for Turkish populations (as subspecies of Salamandra salamandra). Hraoui-Bloquet, Sadek, Sindaco, and Venchi, 2002, Zool. Middle East, 27: 36, provided definitive records for Lebanon. Baloutch and Kami, 1995, Amph. Iran: 102-103, provided an account (for Salamandra salamandra semenovi) for Iran. Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 158, provided brief accounts by subspecies, figures, and map. See statement of geographic range, habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 642. Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 35, discussed the murky taxonomy of populations within this nominal species. Leviton, Anderson, Adler, and Minton, 1992, Handb. Middle East Amph. Rept.: 140, gave a brief account of Salamandra infraimmaculata semenovi (as Salamandra salamandra semenovi). Goldberg, Pearlson, Nevo, and Degani, 2009, S. Am. J. Herpetol., 4: 268-274, reported on sequence divergence among populations in Israel, correlated with ecological divergence.

External Links

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.

• For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
• For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
• To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
• For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
• For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
• For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
• for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML