Triturus karelinii (Strauch, 1870)
Triton karelinii Strauch, 1870, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, Ser. 7, 16 (4): 42. Syntypes: ZISP 44-47, according to A.H. Brame In Frost, 1985, Amph. Species World: 615. Type locality: "Reisenden Karelin in einer nicht näher bezeichneten Gegend des nord-östlichen Persiens gefangen worden"; restricted to "Persiche Südkuste des Kaspischen Merres" by Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 11; rendered as "southern shore of the Caspian Sea in Persia (= Iran)" by Tuniyev, 1999, Adv. Amph. Res. Former Soviet Union, 3: 49.
Triton longipes Strauch, 1870, Mem. Acad. Imp. Sci. St. Petersbourg, Ser. 7, 16 (4): 44. Holotype: ZISP? Type locality: "Kaspischen Meere . . . . in der Gegend von Astrabad"; given as "surroundings of Astrabad (Caspian shore in Iran)" by Tuniyev, 1999, Adv. Amph. Res. Former Soviet Union, 3: 49. Synonymy with Molge cristata by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 10; Boulenger, 1892, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 9: 144. Synonymy with Triton karelinii by Brame, 1972, Checklist Living & Fossil Salamand. World (Unpubl. MS): 96.
Molge cristata var. karelinii — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 10. Prazák, 1898, Zool. Jahrb., Jena, Abt. Syst., 22: 233.
Molge cristata var. longipes — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 10. by implication "as another variety of M. cristata must probably be considered: Triton longipes, Strauch".
Triton cristatus var. karelinii — Dürigen, 1897, Deutschl. Amph. Rept.: 622.
Turanomolge mensbieri Nikolskii, 1918, Fauna Rossii, Zemnovodnye: 256. Holotype: ZISP 2626,by original designation; lost according to Kuzmin, Lebedkina, and Borkin, 1995, Zool. Zh., 74: 105. MNKNU regarded as lectotype by Vedmederya, Zinenko, and Barabanov, 2009, Russ. J. Herpetol., 16: 204, presumably this is a surviving specimen from the original type series from ZISP (DRF). Type locality: [Russian] Turkestan; locality considered doubtful by Kuzmin, Lebedkina, and Borkin, 1995, Zool. Zh., 74: 105). Synonymy with Triturus cristatus (sensu lato) by Kuzmin, Lebedkina, and Borkin, 1995, Zool. Zh., 74: 105. (Previously considered a junior synonym of Hynobius turkestanicus by Bobrinskii, 1929, Trudy Nauchno Issledovetel'skogo Institua Zoologii, 3: 19-20.) See Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 100-103, for discussion. Tentative synonymy with Triturus karelinii by Tuniyev, 1999, Adv. Amph. Res. Former Soviet Union, 3: 49.
Triton cristatus karelini forma taurica Wolterstorff, 1923, Bl. Aquar. Terrarienkd., Stuttgart, 34: 125. Holotype: Not stated, presumably MM; and therefore presumably destroyed in W.W.II. Type locality: "Yalta, Krimalpen", Ukraine. Unavailable tetranominal.
Triton (Neotriton) carnifex karelinii — Bolkay, 1927, Glasn. Zemaljskog Muz. Bosni Hercegov., 39: 65. Bolkay, 1928, Z. Anat. Entwicklungesch., 86: 259.
Triturus cristatus karelinii — Mertens and Müller, 1928, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 41: 11.
Triturus cristatus karelinii forma rilaica Buresch and Zonkov, 1941, Bull. Inst. R. Hist. Nat. Sophia, 14: 178, 211. Holotype: NZMS (as MSB), by original designation. Type locality: Springs on Rila Mountains, Tscham-Kuria, 1350 meters, Bulgaria. Unavailable tetranominal.
Turanomolge menzbieri — Terentjev and Chernov, 1949, Opredelitel' presmykayushchikhsya i zemnovodnykh: 57. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Triturus cristatus karelinii — Mertens and Wermuth, 1960, Amph. Rept. Europas: 28.
Triturus karelinii — Bucci-Innocenti, Ragghianti, and Mancino, 1983, Copeia, 1983: 662-672. Arntzen and Wallis, 1994, Abh. Ber. Naturkd. Magdeburg, 17: 57-66.
Triturus (Triturus) karelinii — MacGregor, Sessions, and Arntzen, 1990, J. Evol. Biol., 3: 329.
Triturus karelinii karelinii — Litvinchuk, Borkin, Džukić, Kalezić, Khalturin, and Rosanov, 1999, Russ. J. Herpetol., 6: 156.
Triturus (Triturus) karelinii — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 67.
Triturus (Triturus) karelinii karelinii — Dubois and Raffaëlli, 2009, Alytes, 26: 67.
English Names
Karelin's Newt (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 36).
Southern Crested Newt (Steward, 1969, Tailed Amph. Eur.: 40; Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 186).
Balkan Crested Newt (Stumpel-Rienks, 1992, Ergänzungsband Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., Trivialnamen der Herpetofauna Eur.: 67; Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 44).
Iranian Crest Newt (Tarkhnishvili and Gokhelashvili, 1999, Adv. Amph. Res. Former Soviet Union, 4: v).
Distribution
Crimea (Ukraine) and extreme southern Russia east of the Azov Sea and at the western and eastern ends of the Caucasus Range; northern Asia Minor east through Georgia and northern Azerbaijan; northern Iran along the southern coast of the Caspian Sea to southeastern Azerbaijan.
Comment
See accounts by Kuzmin, 1999, Amph. Former Soviet Union: 186-193, and Thorn and Raffaëlli, 2000, Salamand. Ancien Monde: 301-305. Litvinchuk, Borkin, Džukić, Kalezić, Khalturin, and Rosanov, 1999, Russ. J. Herpetol., 6: 153-163, discussed allozymic variation within the species. Arntzen and Wallis, 1999, Bijdr. Dierkd., 68: 181-203, reported on geographic variation. Olgun, Baran, and Tok, 2001, Zool. Middle East, 22: 57-65, reported on geographic variation implying that more than one taxon might be covered by the name. Tuniyev, 1999, Adv. Amph. Res. Former Soviet Union, 3: 49-50, discussed the taxonomic history of this species. Arnold, 2002, Rept. Amph. Eur., Ed. 2: 44, provided a brief account, figure, and map. Özeti and Yilmaz, 1994, Türkiye Amfibileri: 88-94, provided an account for Turkish populations. See account by Arntzen, 2003, in Grossenbacher and Thiesmeier (eds.), Handbuch Rept. Amph. Eur., 4(IIA): 421-514. Baloutch and Kami, 1995, Amph. Iran: 88, provided an account for Iran, 88-90, provided an account for Irana (as Triturus cristatus karelini). Naumov, 2005, Acta Zool. Bulgarica, 57: 391, provided records for Bulgaria. Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 116, provided brief accounts by subspecies, map, and photographs. Valakos, Pafilis, Sotiropoulos, Lymberakis, Maragou, and Foufopoulos, 2008, Amph. Rept. Greece: 163-166, provided an account for Greece. Espregueira Themudo, Wielstra, and Arntzen, 2009, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 52: 321-328, noted that the contact zone with Triturus arntzeni is not well-understood and may be in European Turkey or in western Anatolia. Öz, Yavuz, Tunç, and Erdogan, 2009, Russ. J. Herpetol., 16: 131-133, and Düsen and Urhan, 2008, Russ. J. Herpetol., 15: 189-192, provided records for western Anatolia, Turkey, and mapped the distribution, but did not distinguish Triturus arntzeni. Nöllert and Nöllert, 1992, Die Amph. Eur.: 228-229, provided a brief account and polygon map. Wielstra, Espregueira Themudo, Güçlü, Olgun, Poyarkov, and Arntzen, 2010, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 56: 888-896, reported on the phylogeography of this species along with its sister taxon, Triturus arntzeni, and supported their mutual distinctiveness. Reviewed by Jehle, Thiesmeier, and Foster, 2011, The Crested Newt.: 1-152. Wielstra and Arntzen, 2011, BMC Evol. Biol., 11(162): 1-8, reported ln the molecular phylogenetics of the species (as Triturus karelini "central" and "east") and its near relatives.
External Links
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- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
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- For access to informatoin on fossils see Lisanfos
