Duttaphrynus hololius (Günther, 1876)
Bufo hololius Günther, 1876 "1875", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1875: 569. Holotype: BMNH 1947.2.20.50 (formerly 74.4.29.1297), according to A.G.C. Grandison in Frost, 1985, Amph. Species World: 48. Type locality: "Malabar", India. Biju, 2001, Occas. Publ. Indian Soc. Conserv. Biol., 1: 8, noted the imprecision of this type locality, which could be anywhere within the entire region of the Western Ghats.
"Bufo" hololius — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 364. Excluded from Bufo and unassigned to genus.
Duttaphrynus hololius — Van Bocxlaer, Biju, Loader, and Bossuyt, 2009, BMC Evol. Biol., 9 (e131): 4.
English Names
Malabar Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 42).
Günther's Toad (Das and Dutta, 1998, Hamadryad, 23: 63).
Distribution
Eastern and Western Ghats of Andhra Pradesh and Kerala, southern India (distribution is highly provisional; see comment).
Comment
See Daniel, 1963, J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., 60: 432, Pillai and Ravichandran, 1991, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 88: 11-14, and Radhakrishnan and Ravichandran, 1999, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, 97: 203-204, for accounts. Dubois and Ohler, 1999, J. South Asian Nat. Hist., 4: 169, provisionally allocated this species to the Bufo stomaticus group. Biju, 2001, Occas. Publ. Indian Soc. Conserv. Biol., 1: 8, discussed the highly provisional nature of published ranges for this species, which he regarded to be known only from the holotype from a highly imprecise type locality. Dutta, 1997, Amph. India Sri Lanka: 46, and Chanda, 2002, Handb. Indian Amph.: 23-24, provided brief accounts. Dinesh, Radhakrishnan, Gururaja, and Bhatta, 2009, Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Occas. Pap., 302: 4, regarded the range to include Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.
External Links
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
