Amphibian Species of the World 5.6, an Online Reference

Mycetoglossina Bonaparte, 1850, Conspect. Syst. Herpetol. Amph.: 1 p. Type genus: Mycetoglossus Bonaparte, 1839. Placed on the Official Index of Rejected and Invalid family-group names by Opinion 1873, Anonymous, 1997, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 54: 140-141.

Oedipina Gray, 1850, Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad.: 42. Type genus: Oedipus Tschudi, 1838.

Hemidactylidae Hallowell, 1856, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 8: 11. Type Genus: Hemidactylium Tschudi, 1838. Placed on the Official List of Family-group Names in Zoology by Opinion 1873, Anonymous, 1997, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 54: 140-141.

Bolitoglossidae Hallowell, 1856, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 8: 11. Type Genus: Bolitoglossa Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854. Synonymy with Plethodontidae by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 51.

Spelerpinae Cope, 1859, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 11: 123. Type genus: Spelerpes Rafinesque, 1832.

Spelerpeae — Cope, 1859, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 11: 124. Implied tribe.

Thoriidae Cope, 1869, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 21: 110. Type Genus: Thorius Cope, 1869. Synonymy with Plethodontidae by Dunn, 1926, Salamanders Fam. Plethodontidae: 58.

Thoriinae — Hay, 1892, Annu. Rep. Dept. Geol. Nat. Res. Indiana for 1891: 439.

Spelerpsidi — Acloque, 1900, Fauna de France, 1: 491.

Typhlomolgidae Stejneger and Barbour, 1917, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept.: 2. Type genus: Typhlomolge Stejneger, 1896.

Hemidactyliini — Wake, 1966, Mem. S. California Acad. Sci., 4: 50.

Bolitoglossini — Wake, 1966, Mem. S. California Acad. Sci., 4: 52.

Hemidactyliinae — Chippindale, Bonett, Baldwin, and Wiens, 2004, Evolution, 58: 2819. Macey, 2005, Cladistics, 21: 201.

Bolitoglossinae — Chippindale, Bonett, Baldwin, and Wiens, 2004, Evolution, 58: 2809-2822. Macey, 2005, Cladistics, 21: 194-202.

Spelerpini — Dubois, 2005, Alytes, 23: 20. Epifamily.

Batrachosepsini — Vieites, Román, Wake, and Wake, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 59: 633.

Bolitoglossini — Vieites, Román, Wake, and Wake, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 59: 633.

Hemidactyliini — Vieites, Román, Wake, and Wake, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 59: 633.

Spelerpini — Vieites, Román, Wake, and Wake, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 59: 633. Tribe.

Batrachosepini Wake, 2012, Zootaxa, 3484: 76. Type genus: Batrachoeps Bonaparte, 1839, by original designation. Coined as a tribe.

English Names

None noted.

Distribution

Fairly continuous from extreme southern Maine (USA), extreme southern Quebec (Canada), extreme southern Ontario (Canada), and northern Wisconsin (USA), southward to the Fall Line in North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, and Tennessee (USA); presumably disjunct populations occur in Nova Scotia (Canada), Mississippi, Arkansas and Oklahoma, Louisiana, Georgia, and northern Florida (USA); Western and southern North America south to Brazil.

Comment

See comment under Plethodontidae for discussion of taxonomic history. Superseded, but still useful literature on the phylogeny of the bolitoglossine group is that by Elias and Wake, 1983, in Rhodin and Miyata (eds.), Adv. Herpetol. Evol. Biol.: 1-12, and Wake and Elias, 1983, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 345: 1-19. Sever, Heinz, Lempart, and Taghon, 1990, Herpetologica, 46: 431-446, discussed cloacal morphology with reference to bolitoglossine phylogenetics. Chippindale, Bonett, Baldwin, and Wiens, 2004, Evolution, 58: 2809-2822, considered Bolitoglossinae to be the sister taxon of Spelerpinae, while Macey, 2005, Cladistics, 21: 194-202, regarded Bolitoglossinae as the sister taxon of all plethodontids, excluding Hemidactyliinae. Wiens, Parra-Olea, García-París, and Wake, 2007, Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci., 274: 918-928, reported on the phylogenetics of bolitoglossines, assuming Batrachoseps as the root and excluding South American Bolitoglossa. Vieites, Min, and Wake, 2007, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 104: 19903-19907, on the basis of nuDNA suggested that the bolitoglossines are the sister taxon of Spelerpinae and, together with Hemidactyliinae of Macey (2005) they included within an enlarged Hemidactyliinae. Chen, Wang, Liu, Xie, and Jiang, 2011, Curr. Zool., Chengdu, 57: 785805, on the basis of 11 protein-coding mtDNA genes, suggested that Hemidactyliinae sensu Vieites et al., 2007, 2011, is paraphyletic with respect to Plethodontinae.

Contained taxa

• Batrachoseps Bonaparte, 1839 (21 sp.)
• Bolitoglossa Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854 (121 sp.)
• Bradytriton Wake and Elias, 1983 (1 sp.)
• Chiropterotriton Taylor, 1944 (12 sp.)
• Cryptotriton García-París and Wake, 2000 (6 sp.)
• Dendrotriton Wake and Elias, 1983 (8 sp.)
• Eurycea Rafinesque, 1822 (27 sp.)
• Gyrinophilus Cope, 1869 (4 sp.)
• Hemidactylium Tschudi, 1838 (1 sp.)
• Nototriton Wake and Elias, 1983 (16 sp.)
• Nyctanolis Elias and Wake, 1983 (1 sp.)
• Oedipina Keferstein, 1868 (36 sp.)
• Parvimolge Taylor, 1944 (1 sp.)
• Pseudoeurycea Taylor, 1944 (51 sp.)
• Pseudotriton Tschudi, 1838 (3 sp.)
• Stereochilus Cope, 1869 (1 sp.)
• Thorius Cope, 1869 (24 sp.)
• Urspelerpes Camp, Peterman, Milanovich, Lamb, Maerz, and Wake, 2009 (1 sp.)

External Links

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