Andrias japonicus (Temminck, 1836)
Triton japonicus Temminck, 1836, Coup d'oeil sur la Fauna des Îles de la Sonde et de l'Empire du Japon: xxvi. Syntypes: RMNH and (according to Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 33) MNHNP 7614; including RMNH 2392, 2394, and 18562, and MNHNP 7614, according to Gassó Miracle, van den Hoek Ostende, and Arntzen, 2007, Zootaxa, 1482: 48; RMNH 2392 designated lectotype by Hoogmoed, 1978, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 53: 102. Type locality: "Japon"; restricted to "Iga, Honshû", Japan, by Okada, 1934, Copeia, 1934: 16.
Megalobatrachus sieboldi Tschudi, 1837, Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Geogn. Geol. Petrefactenkunde, Stuttgart, 5: 547. Syntypes: RMNH 2392, 2394, and 18562, and MNHNP 7614according to Gassó Miracle, van den Hoek Ostende, and Arntzen, 2007, Zootaxa, 1482: 48; RMNH 2392 designated lectotype by Hoogmoed, 1978, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 53: 102. Type locality: Japan. Synonymy by Stejneger, 1907, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 58: 6. Possibly a substitute name rather than a new name. Synonymy (with Seiboldia maxima) by Gray, 1850, Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad.: 52; (with Megalobatrachus maximus) by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 77.
Salamandra maxima Schlegel In Tschudi, 1837, Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Geogn. Geol. Petrefactenkunde, Stuttgart, 5: 546. Syntypes: MNHNP and RMNH, and presumably animal figured by Temminck and Schlegel, 1838, Fauna Japonica, 3: Pl. 8; including RMNH 2392, 2394, and 18562, and MNHNP 7614, according to Gassó Miracle, van den Hoek Ostende, and Arntzen, 2007, Zootaxa, 1482: 56; RMNH 2392 designated lectotype by Hoogmoed, 1978, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 53: 102. See discussion by Bauer, Good, and Günther, 1993, Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin, 69: 291, of the types and type localities. Type localities: "Sakanosta", "monts Suzuga jama" (near Sakanosta), and "mont Okude" according to Temminck and Schlegel, 1838, Fauna Japonica, 3: 134-135. Synonymy by Stejneger, 1907, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 58: 6. Synonymy (with Seiboldia maxima) by Leuckart, 1840, Froriep’s Neue Notizen, 13: 19-20; Gray, 1850, Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad.: 52. See discussion of types and publication dates by Thireau, 1986, Cat. Types Urodeles Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., Rev. Crit.: 39.
Cryptobranchus japonicus — Van der Hoeven, 1838, Tijdschr. Natuurl. Geschied., 4: 384. Naylor, 1981, Copeia, 1981: 76-86
Hydrosalamandra siboldi — Leuckart, 1840, Froriep’s Neue Notizen, 13: 20. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Hydrosalamandra japonica — Leuckart, 1840, Froriep’s Neue Notizen, 13: 19-20.
Sieboldia maxima — Gray, 1850, Cat. Spec. Amph. Coll. Brit. Mus., Batr. Grad.: 52.
Salamandra gigas Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 164. Lapsus calami for Salamandra maxima Schlegel.
Tritomegas sieboldii — Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 164.
Tritomegas sieboldtii — Duméril, Bibron, and Duméril, 1854, Erp. Gen., 9: 426. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Salamandra (Megalobatrachus) maxima — Schlegel, 1858, Handl. Dierkd., 2: 61.
Megalobatrachus maximus — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Grad. Batr. Apoda Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 80.
Cryptobranchus maximus — Chapman, 1893, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 45: 227.
Andrias japonicus — Lapparent, 1900, Traite Geol., 3: 1532. Estes, 1981, Handb. Palaeoherpetol., 2: 14.
Megalobatrachus japonicus — Beddard, 1904 "1903", Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1903: 298. Sato, 1943, Monogr. Tailed Batr. Japan: 322-346; Thorn, 1968, Salamand. Eur. Asie Afr. Nord: 106.
Sieboldiana maxima — Ishikawa, 1904, Proc. Dept. Nat. Hist. Tokyo Imp. Mus., 1: 21. Incorrect subsequent spelling of generic name.
Cryptobranchus sieboldia — Calmette, 1907, Les Venins: 330. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Megalobatrachus japonicus japonicus — Chang, 1936, Contr. Etude Morphol. Biol. Syst. Amph. Urodeles Chine: 82.
Andrias scheuchzeri japonicus — Westphal, 1958, Palaeontographica, Abt. A,, 110: 26.
English Names
Giant Salamander (Wood, 1863, Illust. Nat. Hist., 3: 184 [as Seiboldia maxima]; Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 20).
Japanese Giant Salamander (Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 20; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 27; Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 5).
Distribution
Southwestern portion of the Island of Honshu northeast to the Prefecture of Gifu, the island Shikoku, and on the Island of Kyushu only in the Prefecture of Oita, Japan; possibly in Far East Russia (see comment).
Comment
Reviewed (as Megalobatrachus japonicus) by Sato, 1943, Monogr. Tailed Batr. Japan: 322-346. See Hoogmoed, 1978, Zool. Meded., Leiden, 53: 92, for discussion of the obscure description. Thorn and Raffaëlli, 2000, Salamand. Ancien Monde: 142-147, and Goris and Maeda, 2004, Guide Amph. Rept. Japan: 5-7, provided accounts. Kuzmin and Maslova, 2003, Adv. Amph. Res. Former Soviet Union, 8: 344-345, noted the possible occurrence of this taxon in the vicinity of Vladivostok, Far East Russia. Raffaëlli, 2007, Les Urodèles du Monde: 67, provided a brief account.
External Links
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