Amphibian Species of the World 5.6, an Online Reference

Phrynidium crucigerum Lichtenstein and Martens, 1856, Nomencl. Rept. Amph. Mus. Zool. Berol.: 41. Syntypes: Including ZMB 3381 (3 specimens) according to Lötters, 1996, Neotrop. Toad Genus Atelopus: 23; although Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 32, reported MNHNP 5020 as syntypes, these three specimens are not from the stated type locality, rather they are from Caracas, Venezuela, rendering suspect their status as types. Possible syntypes set aside and ZSM 93/1947/10 designated neotype by Lötters and La Marca, 2001, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 58: 119-121, and accepted by Opinion 2013, Anonymous, 2002, Bull. Zool. Nomencl., 59: 226. Type locality: "Veragoa" [= Veragua, Panama]; see discussion of this locality by Savage, 1970, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 38: 273-288, and Lötters, 1996, Neotrop. Toad Genus Atelopus: 23. Type locality corrected to coastal range of Venezuela by Rivero, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 126: 173. Locality of neotype is "vicinity of Rancho Grande on the road from Maracay to Ocumare de la Costa (ca. 1000 m above sea level), Estado Aragua, Venezuela".

Phryniscus cruciger — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 44.

Atelopus cruciger — Boulenger, 1894, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 6, 14: 374-375.

Atelopus varius cruciger — Dunn, 1931, Occas. Pap. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 5: 395. Based on apparently misidentified specimens from Panama.

Atelopus cruciger cruciger — Müller, 1934, Zool. Anz., 108: 151. .

Atelopus crucigerum — La Marca, 1983, Milwaukee Public Mus. Contrib. Biol. Geol., 54: 5. Incorrect formation of species name.

English Names

Veragua Stubfoot Toad (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 39).

Distribution

Northern and southern versants of the central Cordillera de la Costa of Venezuela (states of Aragua, Carabobo, Cojedes, Miranda, Vargas, Yaracuy, and the Distrito Federal), 100-2200 m elevation.

Comment

For synonymy, review, and subspecies, see Rivero, 1961, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 126: 171-174. In the Atelopus flavescens group of Lynch, 1993, Alytes, 11: 77-87. La Marca, 1992, Cuad. Geograf., Mérida, 9: 13, and Barrio-Amorós, 1999 "1998", Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 18: 1-93, suggested that the Sucre state locality required verification and did not accept it as valid. See account by Lötters, La Marca, and Vences, 2004, Copeia, 2004: 224-228. See photograph, map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 164. Señaris, 2005, in Rueda-Almonacid et al. (eds.), Ranas Arlequines: 67, provided a brief account. Yerena and Rivero-Blanco, 2008 "2007", Herpetotropicos, Mérida, 4: 7-9, provided a range extnsion interior Serrania of the coastal range of Venezuela.

External Links

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• For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
• For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
• To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
• For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
• For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
• For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
• for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
• For access to informatoin on fossils see Lisanfos