Lithobates onca (Cope, 1875)
Rana onca Cope In Yarrow, 1875, in Wheeler (ed.), Rep. Geograph. Geol. Explor. Surv. W. 100th Merid., 5(4): 528. Holotype: USNM 25331 according to Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 76. Type locality: "Utah"; estimated as "somewhere along the Virgin River in Washington County", Utah, USA, by Tanner, 1929, Copeia, 171: 49; considered as "probably collected in the vicinity of St. George, [Washington County,] Utah", USA, by Pace, 1974, Misc. Publ. Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, 148: 29.
Rana draytoni onca — Cope, 1886, Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 23: 521. Cope, 1889, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 34: 443.
Rana pipiens onca — Wright and Wright, 1949, Handb. Frogs Toads U.S. Canada, Ed. 3: 506.
Rana onca onca — Stebbins, 1985, Field Guide W. Rept. Amph., Ed. 2: 91. by implication; Stebbins, 2003, Field Guide W. Rept. Amph., Ed. 3: 238.
Rana (Rana) onca — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 41-42. by implication.
Rana (Pantherana) onca — Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 331.
Rana (Novirana, Sierrana, Pantherana, Scurrilirana) onca — Hillis and Wilcox, 2005, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 34: 305. See Dubois, 2006, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 42: 317-330, Hillis, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 42: 331-338, and Dubois, 2007, Cladistics, 23: 390-402, for relevant discussion of nomenclature. Invalid name formulation under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (1999) as discussed by Dubois, 2007, Cladistics, 23: 395.
Lithobates onca — Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 369. Che, Pang, Zhao, Wu, Zhao, and Zhang, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 1-13; by implication.
Lithobates (Lithobates) onca — Dubois, 2006, C. R. Biol., Paris, 329: 830. Dubois, 2006, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 42: 325.
Rana (Scurrilirana) onca — Hillis, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 42: 335-336. by implication.
English Names
Relict Leopard Frog (Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 13; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 109; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 13; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 15; Frost, McDiarmid, and Mendelson, 2008, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 37: 8; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 8; Frost, McDiarmid, Mendelson, and Green, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 18).
Nevada Frog (Slevin, 1928, Occas. Pap. California Acad. Sci., 16: 126; Wright and Wright, 1933, Handb. Frogs Toads U.S. Canada: xi).
Distribution
Restricted to seeps and springs in the region of the Virgin River Valley, Washington County, Utah (USA), at elevations between 370 and 760 m; presumably in adjacent Arizona and Nevada.
Comment
In the Rana pipiens complex as defined by Hillis, Frost, and Wright, 1983, Syst. Zool., 32: 132-143. In the Rana (Pantherana) berlandieri group of Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 331. Reviewed by Jennings, 1988, Cat. Am. Amph. Rept., 417: 1-2, who noted that this species is believed to be extinct. Neverthelss, its continued existence, systematic relations, and geographic distribution were discussed by Jaeger, Riddle, Jennings, and Bradford, 2001, Copeia, 2001: 339-351, who noted its close relationship to Rana yavapaiensis. Pfeiler and Markow, 2008, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 49: 343-348, reported evidence consistent with a close (or identical) relationship with Lithobates yavapaiensis. Stebbins, 2003, Field Guide W. Rept. Amph., Ed. 3: 238, provided a brief account, figure, and map (and who commented on the disappearance of this species from large areas of its former distribution). See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as Rana onca) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 509.
External Links
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
- For access to informatoin on fossils see Lisanfos
