Leptodactylus plaumanni Ahl, 1936, Veröff. Deutsch. Kolon. Uebersee Mus., Bremen, 1: 389. Holotype: originally in Deutsch Kolonial and Uebersee Museum, Bremen, now SMF 22469, according to Mertens, 1967, Senckenb. Biol., 48(A): 39. Type locality: "Nova Teutonia, [Santa Catarina State], Brasilien", 22° 17′ S; 52° 20′ W.
Leptodactylus geminus Barrio, 1973, Physis, Buenos Aires, 32: 199. Holotype: CHINM 5860, by original designation now in MACN. Type locality: "Bernardo de Irigoyen, Misiones, Argentina". Synonymy by Kwet, Di-Bernardo, and Garcia, 2001, J. Herpetol., 35: 56.
Nova Teutonia White-lipped Frog (Leptodactylus plaumanni: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 82).
Gray-striped Frog (Leptodactylus geminus [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 81).
Northeastern Misiones Province, Argentina, and Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, and Santa Catarina, Brazil; likely into adjacent Paraguay.
Removed from the synonymy of Leptodactylus gracilis by Cardoso, 1985, Pap. Avulsos Zool., São Paulo, 36: 87-90, where it had been placed by Heyer, 1978, Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 29: 34 (who had transferred it there from the synonymy of Leptodactylus fuscus, where it had been placed by Mertens, 1967, Senckenb. Biol., 48(A): 1-106. In the Leptodactylus fuscus group of Heyer, 1978, Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 29: 1-85. A sibling species of Leptodactylus gracilis according to the original publication and Heyer, 1978, Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 29: 52. See Braun and Braun, 1979, Iheringia, Zool., 54: 3-6 (as Leptodactylus geminus), for Brazilian distribution. Scrocchi and Lavilla, 1986, Physis, Buenos Aires, 44: 93-95, provided additional characters for distinguishing this species (as Leptodactylus geminus) from Leptodactylus gracilis. Kwet, Di-Bernardo, and Garcia, 2001, J. Herpetol., 35: 56-62, discussed this species and the difficulty in distinguishing it from Leptodactylus gracilis. In the Leptodactylus fuscus group of Heyer, 1978, Sci. Bull. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 29: 1-85. Silva, Garcia, Martins, Bacci, and Kasahara, 2004, Amphibia-Reptilia, 25: 186-195, provided karyological evidence of the distinctiveness of Leptodactylus gracilis from Leptodactylus plaumanni. Lima, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 215, provided the first record for Paraná, Brazil. Giaretta and Costa, 2007, Zootaxa, 1608: 1-10, discussed this species with reference to its close relatives. Brusquetti and Lavilla, 2006, Cuad. Herpetol., 20: 27, suggested that this species likely occurs in Paraguay.
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