Leptodactylus latrans (Steffen, 1815)
Rana latrans Steffen, 1815, Ranis Nonnullis Observ. Anatom.: 13. Type(s): Not stated; possibly in ZMB but not located. Neotype designated as MNRJ 30733, by Lavilla, Langone, Caramaschi, Heyer, and de Sá, 2010, Zootaxa, 2346: 8. Type locality: "Brasilia". Neotype from "Vale dos Agriões (22°25′S, 42°58′W, approx. 900 m above sea level), Municipality of Teresópolis, State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil".
Rana gibbosa Raddi, 1823, Mem. Mat. Fis. Soc. Ital. Sci. Modena, 19: 67. Holotype: Not stated, although presumably originally MZUF. Type locality: Rio de Janeiro [Brazil]. Synonymy by Bokermann, 1965, Neotropica, 11: 9-12.
Rana fusca Raddi, 1823, Mem. Mat. Fis. Soc. Ital. Sci. Modena, 19: 68. Holotype: MZUF. Type locality: "Rio-janeiro", Brazil. Junior homonym of Rana fusca Schneider. Synonymy by Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 88.
Rana pygmaea Spix, 1824, Animal. Nova Spec. Nov. Test. Ran. Brasil.: 30. Type(s): Not specifically designated, although including animal figured on pl. 6, fig. 2 of the original publication; holotype lost from ZSM according to Heyer, 1973, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 251: 26, and Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 356 (who implied that type material may never have been deposited in the ZSM and noted that RMNH 2041 might be a syntype). See comments by Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 176. Type locality: "Provincia Bahiae", Brazil. Synonymy by Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 27; Peters, 1872, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1872: 225; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 247; Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 355.
Rana pachypus Spix, 1824, Animal. Nova Spec. Nov. Test. Ran. Brasil.: 26. Syntypes: ZSM (10 specimens) (presumed lost), ZMB, and (presumably) ZMH; ZSM 122/0/1 designated lectotype by Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 356, and Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 176. Type localities: "Habitat in locis humidis Provinciae Rio de Janeiro", (var. 1) "locis humidis Bahiae", and (var. 2) "locis aquosis Parae", Brazil. See comments on types of varieties by Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 176. Synonymy by Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 78; Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 396; Peters, 1872, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1872: 225. (Variety 2 shown to be a junior synonym of Rana fusca Schneider by Peters, 1872, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1872: 199; Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 356.
Rana pachybrachion Wied-Neuwied, 1824, Isis von Oken, 14: 671. Types: Not designated. Type locality: "Brasiliens". Possibly an incorrect subsequent spelling or emendation of Rana pachypus Spix, 1824. Synonymy by W.R. Heyer (personal commun.).
Rana macrocephala Wied-Neuwied, 1825, Beitr. Naturgesch. Brasil., 1: 544. Type(s): Not designated, not found in AMNH. Type locality: "Urwäldern an der Lagoa d'Arara unweit des Flusses Mucuri", Brazil; regarded as being somewhere in southern Bahia, Brazil, by Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 89, who made the tentative synonymy with Leptodactylus ocellatus.
Cystignathus pachypus — Wagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 203. Wagler, 1830, Descript. Icon. Amph., Livr. 2: 9.
Rana pachypus pachypus — Mayer, 1835, Analect. Vergl. Anat.: 24.
Rana pachypus octolineatus Mayer, 1835, Analect. Vergl. Anat.: 24. Type(s): Deposition not stated, now presumed lost. Type locality: Not stated.
Leptodactylus serialis Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 6: 421. Syntypes: Not designated; including USNM 7389 (2 specimens) according to Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 64. Type locality: "Rio de Janeiro", Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Synonymy with Leptodactylus pachypus by Jiménez de la Espada, 1875, Vert. Viaje Pacif. Verif. 1862-1865: 48. Synonymy by Girard, 1858, U.S. Explor. Exped. 1838-1842, 20: 29; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 247.
Leptodactylus caliginosus Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 6: 422. Syntypes: Not designated; USNM 7357 (2 specimens) are syntypes according to Cochran, 1961, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 220: 64. Type locality: "Rio de Janeiro, [Rio de Janeiro,] Brazil". Synonymy by Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 490, and Lutz, 1930, Mem. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, 23: 2, 22.
Leptodactylus ocellatus — Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 6: 420.
Cystignathus pachypus — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 27.
Cystignathus caliginosus — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 28. Burmeister, 1861, Reise La Plata-Staaten, 2: 532.
Leptodactylus pachypus — Jiménez de la Espada, 1875, Vert. Viaje Pacif. Verif. 1862-1865: 48.
Rana luctator Hudson, 1892, Nat. La Plata: 78. Holotype: lost according to original publication. Type locality: from original text presumably vicinity of "Buenos Ayres", Argentina. Synonymy by Gallardo, 1964, Physis, Buenos Aires, 24: 373-384, and Lavilla, 1994 "1992", Acta Zool. Lilloana, 42: 87.
Rana octoplicata Werner, 1893, Zool. Anz., 16: 83. Types: Not designated. Type locality: "Nordamerika". Synonymy by Werner, 1894, Jahresber. Abhandl. Naturwiss. Ver. Magdeburg, 1894: 125; Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 491.
Cystignathus oxycephalus Philippi, 1902, Supl. Batr. Chil. Descr. Hist. Fis. Polit. Chile: 105. Syntypes: MNHNC (2 specimens), according to the original publication. Type locality: "ad Montevideo. Arrechavaleta", Uruguay. Synonymy by Klappenbach, 1968, Invest. Zool. Chilen., 23: 150.
Cystignathus oxicephalus — Philippi, 1902, Supl. Batr. Chil. Descr. Hist. Fis. Polit. Chile: 124. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
Leptodactylus pygmaeus — Miranda-Ribeiro, 1927, Rev. Mus. Paulista, São Paulo, 15: 119. Flower, 1928, Zool. Rec., 64: 25.
Leptodactylus ocellatus var. reticulata Cei, 1948, Acta Zool. Lilloana, 6: 308. Syntypes: Not designated, presumably FML. Type locality: "Arroyo, Isla Apipé, Ituzaingó (Corrientes)" and "Puerto Bemberg (Misiones)", Argentina.
Leptodactylus ocellatus var. bonairensis Cei, 1949, Acta Zool. Lilloana, 7: 127. Syntypes: Not designated, but in MACN and FML (total of 59 examples), according to XXX. Type locality: "Río Colorado y Bahía Blanca", Argentina; restricted to Bahia Blanca, Argentina, by Gorham, 1966, Das Tierreich, 85: 133.
Leptodactylos latrans — Lavilla, Langone, Caramaschi, Heyer, and de Sá, 2010, Zootaxa, 2346: 8.
English Names
Argus Frog (Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zool., 3(1): 108).
Wrestler Frog (Rana luctator [no longer recognized]: Hudson, 1892, Nat. La Plata: 77).
Butter Frog (Lima and Verani, 1988, Rev. Brasil. Biol., 48: 113).
Criolla Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 82).
Lesser Foam Frog (Eterovick and Sazima, 2004, Anf. Serra do Cipó: 95).
Distribution
Tropical South America east of the Andes.
Comment
In the Leptodactylus ocellatus group. See Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 355, for synonymy. See accounts by Cei, 1980, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Monogr., 2: 344-348; and Heyer, Rand, Cruz, Peixoto, and Nelson, 1990, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 31: 309-310. The data presented by Cei, 1948, Acta Zool. Lilloana, 6: 288-331, suggest that two species are masquerading under this name. Köhler and Lötters, 1999, Bonn. Zool. Beitr., 48: 259-273, discussed misidentifications in Bolivia. This species was recorded for Bolivia by De la Riva and Maldonado-M., 1999, Graellsia, 55: 193-197, who also discussed taxonomic confusion in the Leptodactylus chaquensis-macrosternum complex. The distribution of Leptodactylus ocellatus seems to be more or less restricted to the Parana river system. Lescure and Marty, 2000, Collect. Patrimoines Nat., Paris, 45: 242-243, provided a photo and brief account for French Guiana. Izecksohn and Carvalho-e-Silva, 2001, Anf. Municipio Rio de Janeiro: 77, provided a brief account and photo. De la Riva and Maldonado-M., 1999, Graellsia, 55: 193-197, discussed the Bolivian record in the Paraguayan River Basin. Barrio-Amorós, 1999 "1998", Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 18: 45, doubted the occurrence in Venezuela due to widespread confusion with Leptodactylus macrosternum. Achaval and Olmos, 2003, Anf. Rept. Uruguay, ed. 2: 25, provided for the Uruguayan population a brief account and photograph. De la Riva and Maldonado-M., 1999, Graellsia, 55: 193-197, provided a locality in Bolivia and commented on the distinctiveness of this species from Leptodactylus chaquensis and Leptodactylus macrosternum. Canelas and Bertoluci, 2007, Iheringia, Zool., 97: 21-26, provided a record for the Serra do Caraça, southern end of the Serra do Espinhaço, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Brusquetti and Lavilla, 2006, Cuad. Herpetol., 20: 14, briefly discussed the range in Paraguay. Eterovick and Sazima, 2004, Anf. Serra do Cipó: 95-96, provided a photograph and brief account (as Leptodactylus cf. ocellatus). Silva, Santos, Alves, Sousa, and Annunziata, 2010, Sitientibus, Ser. Cienc. Biol., 7: 334-340, provided records for Piauí, Brazil, as Leptodactylus ocellatus. Cruz, Feio, and Caramaschi, 2009, Anf. Ibitipoca: 122-123, provided photographs and a brief account (as Leptodactylus ocellatus) for Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
External Links
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