Leptodactylus labyrinthicus (Spix, 1824)
Rana labyrinthica Spix, 1824, Animal. Nova Spec. Nov. Test. Ran. Brasil.: 31. Type(s): Not specifically designated but including animals figured on pl. 7, figs. 1-2 of the original publication; holotype was ZSM 2501/0, now lost, according to Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 360, and Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 175. Type locality: "Provincia Rio de Janeiro", Brazil. Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 89, considered the type locality to be in error and instead suggested that it was more probably "Paraíba, já próximo da divisa com São Paulo", Brazil.
Cystignathus labyrinthicus — Wagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 203. Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 407.
Leptodactylus labyrinthicus — Girard, 1853, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 6: 420.
Pleurodema labyrinthicum — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 31.
Gnathophysa labyrinthica — Cope, 1865, Nat. Hist. Rev., N.S., 5: 112.
Rana marginata Steindachner, 1867, Reise Österreichischen Fregatte Novara, Zool., Amph.: 23. Nomen nudum apparently suggested as a junior synonym of Cystignathus labyrinthicus. (May merely be a repetition of the synonymy of Rana marginata Linnaeus, 1758, by Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 78, as a junior synonym of "Rana ocellata", which at that time included Cystignathus labyrinthicus and several other nominal species—DRF.)
Leptodactylus wuchereri Jiménez de la Espada, 1875, Vert. Viaje Pacif. Verif. 1862-1865: 68. Holotype MNCN 1694, according to Heyer, 2005, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 37: 316. Type locality: "Republica Argentina", suggested by Heyer, 2005, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 37: 316, to be "somewhere between Montevideo, Uruguay and Santiago, Chile". Synonymy by Heyer, 1979, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 301: 15.
Leptodactylus bufo Andersson, 1911, Ark. Zool., 7(17): 1. Holotype: NHRM 1495, according to Heyer, 2005, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 37: 316. Type locality: "Ponta Grosso, Paraná, Brazil", considered by Heyer, 2005, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 37: 316, to be at 25° 06′ S, 50° 10′ W.. Synonymy by Heyer, 1974, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 253: 42-43, and Heyer, 1979, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 301: 15.
Leptodactylus pentadactylus labyrinthicus — Müller, 1927, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 40: 276.
Leptodactylus pentadactylus mattogrossensis Schmidt and Inger, 1951, Fieldiana, Zool., 31: 444. Holotype: FMNH 9240, by original designation. Type locality: "manganese mine, Urucum de Corumba, Matto Grosso", Brazil. Locality noted by Heyer, 2005, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 37: 316, to now be in Mato Grosso do Sul and at 19° 10′ S, 57° 39′ W. Synonymy by Heyer, 1979, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 301: 23.
Leptodactylus pentadactylus matogrossensis — Bokermann, 1966, Lista Anot. Local. Tipo Anf. Brasil.: 74. Incorrect subsequent spelling.
English Names
Labyrinth Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 81).
Pepper Foam Frog (Eterovick and Sazima, 2004, Anf. Serra do Cipó: 93).
South American Pepper Frog (Kokubum and Silva, 2005, Herpetol. Rev., 36: 76).
Pepper Frog (Heyer, 2005, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 37: 316).
Distribution
Cerrados and caatingas of central and southeastern Brazil and eastern Paraguay.
Comment
In the Leptodactylus pentadactylus group of Heyer, 1972, Contrib. Sci. Nat. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles Co., 231: 1-8, and Heyer, 1979, Smithson. Contrib. Zool., 301: 1-43. See synonymy in Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 360. See account by Cei, 1980, Monit. Zool. Ital., N.S., Monogr., 2: 353-355. De la Riva, Köhler, Lötters, and Reichle, 2000, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 14: 41, provided the Bolivian citations. Köhler, 2000, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 48: 133, provided a brief account. Gorzula and Señaris, 1999 "1998", Scient. Guaianae, 8: 58-60, commented on distribution in Venezuela. Kokubum and Silva, 2005, Herpetol. Rev., 36: 76, provided a record for Rondonia, Brazil, and detailed the distribution. Heyer, 2005, Arq. Zool., São Paulo, 37: 269-348, provided an extensive discussion of morpholical variation. Santos and Haddad, 2006, Check List, 2(1): 22-23, discussed the range and provided a new record for Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Brusquetti and Lavilla, 2006, Cuad. Herpetol., 20: 14, briefly discussed the range in Paraguay. Eterovick and Sazima, 2004, Anf. Serra do Cipó: 93-94, provided a photograph and brief account. Jansen, Bloch, Schulze, and Pfenninger, 2011, Zool. Scripta, 40: 567-583, suggested on the basis of molecular evidence the possibility that populations assigned to Leptodactylus labyrinthicus in Bolivia actually represent a cryptic species that is similar in morphology to Leptodactylus vastus. Jansen and Schultze, 2012, Zootaxa, 3307: 35-47, referred the Bolivian records to Leptodactylus vastus, but noted that they may represent an unnamed species.
External Links
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- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
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- For access to informatoin on fossils see Lisanfos
