Pleurodema marmoratum (Duméril and Bibron, 1840)
Leiuperus marmoratus Duméril and Bibron, 1840, Preprint Pl. 13, Voy. Am. Merid. 1826-1833: Pl. 13, fig. 1-4; Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 421. Syntypes: MNHNP 760 (2 specimens), according to Guibé, 1950 "1948", Cat. Types Amph. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 31. Type locality: Not stated; given as "L’Amerique du Sud . . . Potosi" [presumably Bolivia] by Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 421. Given as "Posotí, Bolivia" by Cei, 1962, Batr. Chile: 102.
Chianopelas maculatus Tschudi, 1845, Arch. Naturgesch., 11: 168. Types: Not designated, presumably MHNN. Type locality: "Republica Peruana". Substitute name coined as a junior synonym of Leiuperus marmoratus Duméril and Bibron, 1841.
Leiuperus viridis Tschudi, 1845, Arch. Naturgesch., 11: 168. Types: Not designated, although presumably MHNN. Type locality: "Republica Peruana"; given as "Altos von Tuctu auf einer Höhe von beinahe 16000 Fuss ü. M. gefunden", Peru, by Tschudi, 1846 "1845", Untersuch. Fauna Peruana, Herpetol.: 70 Synonymy by Peters, 1873, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1873: 623.
Chianopelas viridis — Tschudi, 1845, Arch. Naturgesch., 11: 168. Alternative name.
Chionopelas fuscus Tschudi, 1846 "1845", Untersuch. Fauna Peruana, Herpetol.: 70. Substitute name for Leiuperus viridis Tschudi, 1845.
Leiuperus sagittifer Schmidt, 1857, Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Phys. Math. Naturwiss. Kl., 24: 10. Holotype: Originally in in KM; NHMW 16516 according to Savage, 1970, Proc. California Acad. Sci., Ser. 4, 38: 273-288 (who did not locate it); subsequently listed as a syntype by Häupl and Tiedemann, 1978, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 2: 23, and Häupl, Tiedemann, and Grillitsch, 1994, Kat. Wiss. Samml. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, 9: 27. Type locality: "Neu Granada". Synonymy by XXX. (after Parker, 1927).
Paludicola marmorata — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 235.
Paludicola sagittifera — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 236.
Paludicola sagittifer — Nieden, 1923, Das Tierreich, 46: 512. Cochran and Goin, 1970, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 288: 486-488.
Pleurodema marmorata — Parker, 1927, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 20: 475.
Pleurodema sagittifer — Parker, 1927, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 9, 20: 475.
Pleurodema marmorata marmorata — Vellard, 1960, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Javier Prado, 10: 10.
Pleurodema marmorata infuscata Vellard, 1960, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Javier Prado, 10: 10. Syntypes: deposition not noted, but in MUSM (many specimens); MUSM 1540 designated lectotype by Morales, Carrillo, and Ortega, 1990, Publ. Mus. Hist. Nat. Univ. Nac. Mayor San Marcos, 33: 3. Type localities: "La Viuda, 4,750 metros" Vellard Nos. 133-138), "Huayllay, 4,350 metros" (Vellard No. 285), "San Jose de Huaron, 4,400 metros" (Vellard No. 143), as well as specimens from "laguna de Huaroncocha, 4,500 metro; Huarón, 4,250 metros y Huayllay", Peru.
Pleurodema marmorata viridis — Vellard, 1960, Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. Javier Prado, 10: 10.
Pleurodema marmoratum — Duellman, 1993, Univ. Kansas Mus. Nat. Hist. Spec. Publ., 21: 128. De la Riva and Gonzales-Álvarez, 1998, Alytes, 16: 68. Justified emendation.
Phrynopus spectabilis Duellman, 2000, Herpetologica, 56: 279. Holotype: FSM 103995, by original designation. Type locality: "12 km S of Catac (09° 53′ S, 77° 24′ W, 3850 m), Provincia Recuay, Departamento Ancash, Peru". Synonymy by Lehr, 2006, Herpetologica, 62: 342.
English Names
Marbled Four-eyed Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 84).
Distribution
Andean central Peru through Andean Bolivia and northeastern Chile to extreme northern Argentina, 3920-4480 m elevation.
Comment
See account by Cei, 1962, Batr. Chile: 102-103. Sallaberry-Ayerza, Pastenes-O., Correa-Quezada, and Méndez-Torres, 2007, Herpetol. Rev., 38: 349, provided a range extension in Chile. See map, description of geographic range and habitat, and conservation status (as nominal Phrynopus spectabilis) in Stuart, Hoffmann, Chanson, Cox, Berridge, Ramani, and Young, 2008, Threatened Amph. World: 408. Ferraro and Casagranda, 2009, Zootaxa, 2024: 33-55, provided a detailed discussion of range in Argentina.
External Links
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- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
