Litoria caerulea (White, 1790)
Rana Caerulea White, 1790, J. Voy. New South Wales: 248. Type(s): Formerly in Leverian Museum (now widely dispersed and the types are presumed lost); see Tyler and Dobson, 1973, Herpetologica, 29: 373-375. Type locality: "New South Wales", Australia.
Rana austrasiae Schneider, 1799, Hist. Amph. Nat.: 150. Substitute name for Rana caerulea White, 1790. Synonymy (with Rana caerulea) by Daudin, 1802 "An. XI", Hist. Nat. Rain. Gren. Crap., Quarto: 70; (with Hyla cyanea) by Daudin, 1803 "An. XI", Hist. Nat. Gen. Part. Rept., 8: 43; Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 577.
Rana coerulea — Daudin, 1802 (An. XI), Hist. Nat. Rain. Gren. Crap., Quarto: 70. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Rana caerulea White, 1790.
Hyla cyanea Daudin, 1803 (An. XI), Hist. Nat. Gen. Part. Rept., 8: 43. Types: Not formally designated, but including specimens noted by Schneider, 1799, under Rana austrasiae, and under "The blue frog" of White, 1790, J. Voy. New South Wales: 248, pl. iv. Type locality: "Nouvelle Hollande". Synonymy by Daudin, 1803 "An. XI", Hist. Nat. Gen. Part. Rept., 8: 43; Merrem, 1820, Tent. Syst. Amph.: 174; Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 30-31, 75; Duméril and Bibron, 1841, Erp. Gen., 8: 577; Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 119; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 383.
Hyla cyanea Péron, 1807, Voy. Decouvertes aux Terres Aust., 1: 406. Holotype: Not stated or known to exist. Type locality: "Paramatta . . . Nouvelle-Hollande . . . . Sur le bord des ruisseaux, dans les fontaines et le creux des rochers les plus frais, sous le feuillage. . . ".
Hyla coerulea — Oken, 1816, Lehrb. Naturgesch., 3(2): 223.
Calamita cyanea — Fitzinger, 1826, Neue Class. Rept.: 64.
Calamites coerulea — Wagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 200. Leunis, 1844, Synops. Drei Naturr., Zool., Ed. 1: 145. Incorrect subsequent spelling of the generic name.
Calamites cyaneus — Wagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 200.
Hyla (Calamites) cyaneus — Fitzinger, 1843, Syst. Rept.: 30.
Pelodryas caeruleus — Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 119.
Calamita cyanea — Fitzinger, 1861 "1860", Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss. Wien, Phys. Math. Naturwiss. Kl., 42: 413. Cope, 1867, J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, Ser. 2, 6: 201.
Pelodryas coeruleus — Günther, 1863, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, 1863: 249. Incorrect subsequent spelling of Pelodryas caeruleus.
Pelodryas caerulea — Peters and Doria, 1878, Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Genova, 13: 428.
Hyla caerulea — Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 383.
Hyla irrorata De Vis, 1884, Proc. R. Soc. Queensland, 1: 128. Syntypes: QM J12870—80. Neotype designated in error as AMS J9255 by Copland, 1961, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 86: 261. Type locality: "Gympie", Queensland, Australia. Synonymy by Covacevich, 1974, Mem. Queensland Mus., 17: 53. Resurrected; without discussion, by Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 6.
Pelodryas caerulea — Boettger, 1900, Abh. Senckenb. Naturforsch. Ges., 25: 327. Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 6.
Hyla coerulea — Gadow, 1901, Amphibia and Reptiles: 198.
Hyla caerulea caerulea — Copland, 1957, Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales, 82: 30.
Litoria caerulea — Tyler, 1971, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19: 352.
Litoria irrorata — Tyler, 1971, Univ. Kansas Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19: 353.
Pelodryas irrorata — Wells and Wellington, 1985, Aust. J. Herpetol., Suppl. Ser., 1: 6.
Pelodryas caerulea — Savage, 1986, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 99: 42-45.
English Names
Blue Frog (Rana caerulea: Shaw, 1802, Gen. Zool., 3(1): 113).
Blue Frog (Pelodryas caerulea: Wood, 1863, Illust. Nat. Hist., 3: 173).
Australian Tree-frog (Hyla coerulea: Gadow, 1901, Amphibia and Reptiles: 184).
White's Treefrog (Litoria caerulea: Cochran, 1961, Living Amph. World: 127; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 59).
Green Treefrog (Ingram, Nattrass, and Czechura, 1993, Mem. Queensland Mus., 33: 222).
Green Tree Frog (Moore, 1961, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 121: 258; Cogger, 1975, Rept. Amph. Australia: 91; Tyler, Smith, and Johnstone, 1984, Frogs W. Aust.: 64; Barker, Grigg, and Tyler, 1995, Field Guide Aust. Frogs., Ed. 2: 110; Reynolds, 2007, N. Terr. Nat., 19: 62; Tyler and Doughty, 2009, Field Guide Frogs W. Aust., 4th ed.: 70; Tyler and Knight, 2009, Field Guide Frogs Aust.: 44).
Smiling Frog (Reynolds, 2007, N. Terr. Nat., 19: 62).
Distribution
Northern and eastern Australia (excpet for the Victoria and Tasmania); islands in the Torres Straits; New Guinea (northern lowlands, southern lowlands, and Vogelkop Peninsula); New Zealand (introduced).
Comment
See Tyler, 1968, Zool. Verh., Leiden, 96: 60, Tyler, 1978, Amph. S. Aust.: 32; and Tyler, Crook, and Davies, 1983, Rec. S. Aust. Mus., 18: 424. In the Litoria caerulea group of Tyler and Davies, 1978, Aust. J. Zool., Suppl. Ser., 27 (63): 19. Lever, 2003, Naturalized Rept. Amph. World: 187, reported on an introduced population in South Florida, USA. Menzies, 2006, Frogs New Guinea & Solomon Is.: 126, provided a brief account for New Guinea. See account by Tyler and Doughty, 2009, Field Guide Frogs W. Aust., 4th ed.: 70. See brief account by Tyler and Knight, 2009, Field Guide Frogs Aust.: 44-45.
External Links
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- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
- For access to informatoin on fossils see Lisanfos
