Scinax ruber (Laurenti, 1768)
Hyla rubra Laurenti, 1768, Spec. Med. Exhib. Synops. Rept.: 35. Type(s): By indication including frog illustrated by Seba, 1734, Locuplet. Rer. Nat. Thesaur. Descript. Icon. Exp. Univ. Phys. Hist., 2: pl. 68, fig. 5, and reported as being in the MNHNP by Daudin, 1802 "An. XI", Hist. Nat. Rain. Gren. Crap., Quarto: 26; RMNH 15292B designated neotype by Duellman and Wiens, 1993, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 153. Type locality: "America"; neotype from Paramaribo, Surinam. Apparently described as new on the basis o the same material by Daudin, 1802 "An. XI", Hist. Nat. Rain. Gren. Crap., Quarto: 26.
Calamita ruber — Merrem, 1820, Tent. Syst. Amph.: 171.
Hyla lateristriga Spix, 1824, Animal. Nova Spec. Nov. Test. Ran. Brasil.: 32. Type(s): Not specifically designated but including animal figured on pl. 6, fig. 4, in the original publication; holotype is ZSM 48/2005 according to Glaw and Franzen, 2006, Spixiana, München, 29: 167; reported in error as lost by Hoogmoed and Gruber, 1983, Spixiana, München, Suppl., 9: 363. Type locality: Not stated, but Brazil; by implication. Synonymy by Peters, 1872, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1872: 207, 214.
Auletris rubra — Wagler, 1830, Nat. Syst. Amph.: 201.
Dendrohyas rubra — Tschudi, 1838, Classif. Batr.: 33, 74.
Hyla (Hyla) rubra — Burmeister, 1856, Erläut. Fauna Brasil.: 109.
Hyla conirostris Peters, 1863, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1863: 464. Holotype: ZMB 4917, not located in 1993 by Bauer, Günther, and Klipfel, 1995, in Bauer et al. (eds.), Herpetol. Contr. W.C.H. Peters: 42. Type locality: "Surinam". Synonymy by Peters, 1872, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1872: 207; Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 404.
Scytopis alleni Cope, 1870 "1869", Proc. Am. Philos. Soc., 11: 162. Syntypes: ANSP and MCZ 473 according to the original publication. Malnate, 1971, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 123: 349, considered ANSP 2159 (Pebas) and MCZ 1519 (Pará) [presumably formerly the MCZ 473 mentioned in the original description—DRF] as the syntypes. Barbour and Loveridge, 1929, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool., 69: 338, regarded MCZ 1519 (renumbered?) as the holotype, a lectotype designation by implication. MCZ 1519 also designated lectotype by Duellman and Wiens, 1993, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 153: 42. Type localities: "Pebas", Loreto, Peru, and "Pará" (= Belém, Pará), Brazil; restricted to Pará, Brazil, by lectotype designation. Provisional synonymy by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 404; this supported by Duellman and Wiens, 1993, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 153: 42.
Hyla rubra — Peters, 1872, Monatsber. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1872: 207.
Scytopsis cryptanthus Cope, 1874, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 26: 123. Type: Not stated, but presumably originally in ANSP, not located. Type locality: "Nauta", Departamento Loreto, Peru. Synonymy by Boulenger, 1882, Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus., Ed. 2: 404.
Scytopsis ruber — Cope, 1874, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 26: 123.
Phyllomedusa (Scytopsis) cryptanthus — Knauer, 1883, Naturgesch. Lurche: 112.
Hyla lineomaculata Werner, 1899, Verh. Zool. Bot. Ges. Wien, 49: 483. Holotype: ZFMK 28585 (originally in ZIUG) according to Böhme and Bischoff, 1984, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 19: 181. Type locality: "Arima, Trinidad". Synonymy by Barbour, 1920, Am. Nat., 54: 287.
Hyla rubra hübneri Melin, 1941, Göteborgs K. Vetensk. Vitterh. Samh. Handl., Ser. B, 1: 32. Syntypes: NHMG 476 (Taracuá), 477 (São Gabriel), 478 (Manáus), according to Duellman, 1977, Das Tierreich, 95: 97. Type localities: "Taracuá, Rio Uaupés", "S[ão]. Gabriel, Rio Negro", and "vicinity of Manáos", Amazonas, Brazil. Synonymy by Cochran and Goin, 1970, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 288: 239.
Hyla robersimoni Donoso-Barros, 1965, Not. Mens. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Santiago, 102: 2. Holotype: Not stated; R. Donoso-Barros 645301, according to Duellman, 1977, Das Tierreich, 95: 97, current location not known. Type locality: "de los pajonales de la península de Paria", Estado de Sucre, Venezuela. (Also named as new in Donoso-Barros, 1966, Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat., Santiago, 29: 37.) Synonymy by Duellman, 1977, Das Tierreich, 95: ix, 97.
Ololygon rubra — Fouquette and Delahoussaye, 1977, J. Herpetol., 11: 392.
Ololygon alleni — Fouquette and Delahoussaye, 1977, J. Herpetol., 11: 392.
Scinax alleni — Duellman and Wiens, 1992, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 151: 21.
Scinax rubra — Duellman and Wiens, 1992, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 151: 23.
Scinax ruber — Köhler and Böhme, 1996, Rev. Fr. Aquar. Herpetol., 23: 139.
English Names
Red Snouted Treefrog (Hyla rubra: Lacépède, 1802, Nat. Hist. Ovip. Quadruped. (Kerr transl.): 269).
Red Snouted Treefrog (Scinax ruber: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 64).
Allen's Snouted Treefrog (Scinax alleni [no longer recognized]: Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 63).
Distribution
Amazon Basin of Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador; Guianas; coastal northern South America; eastern Panama; Tobago, Trinidad, and St. Lucia (Lesser Antilles). Introduced on Puerto Rico.
Comment
In the Scinax ruber clade of Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell, and Wheeler, 2005, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 294: 96. See comment under Scinax alter. See account by Duellman and Wiens, 1993, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 153: 37-42. Langone, 1992, Bol. Asoc. Herpetol. Argentina, 8: 5-6, suggested that status needed to be reviewed of Hyla madeira Bokermann, 1966, Hyla lindneri Müller and Hellmich, 1936, and Hyla parkeri Gaige, 1929 (all three now junior synonyms of Scinax fuscomarginatus); Scinax trilineatus (Hoogmoed and Gorzula, 1979); and Hyla robertsimoni Donoso-Barros, 1966 (now a junior synonym of Scinax ruber). De la Riva, Köhler, Lötters, and Reichle, 2000, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 14: 37, suggested that the species is composite. Lescure and Marty, 2000, Collect. Patrimoines Nat., Paris, 45: 168-169, provided a photo and brief account for French Guiana. Murphy, 1997, Amph. Rept. Trinidad Tobago: 76-78, provided a brief account for Trinidad. Gorzula and Señaris, 1999 "1998", Scient. Guaianae, 8: 41-43, commented on range in Venezuela. Barrio-Amorós, 1999 "1998", Acta Biol. Venezuelica, 18: 37, commented on nomenclature. Lever, 2003, Naturalized Rept. Amph. World: 184, reported on introduced populations on St. Lucia, St. Martinm abd Puerto Rico. Fouquet, Vences, Salducci, Meyer, Marty, Blanc, and Gilles, 2007, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 43: 567-582, suggested on the basis of analysis of molcular data that nominal Scinax ruber may be composed of as many as 6 species, forming a paraphyletic group with respect to Scinax x-signatus, Scinax cruentommus, and Scinax boesemani. Brusquetti and Lavilla, 2006, Cuad. Herpetol., 20: 23, suggested that early records of this species for Paraguay are based on Scinax nasicus. Kok and Kalamandeen, 2008, Intr. Taxon. Amph. Kaieteur Natl. Park, 5: 200-201, provided an account. See account for Surinam population by Ouboter and Jairam, 2012, Amph. Suriname: 184-185.
External Links
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