Pseudacris crucifer (Wied-Neuwied, 1838)
Hyla crucifer Wied-Neuwied, 1838, Reise Innere N. Am. 1832-1834, 1 (Heft 1-6): 275. Holotype: Originally in Wied collection; location now unknown, possibly in AMNH. Type locality: "Cantonment Leavenworth" (= Fort Leavenworth), Leavenworth County, Kansas, USA (never recollected at this locality according to Rundquist, 1977, Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 80: 155-158). Not clear from original description that animal actually came specifically from Leavenworth rather than anywhere between there and St. Louis, Missouri (DRF).
Hylodes pickeringii Holbrook, 1839 "1836", N. Am. Herpetol., Vers. 2, 1: 131. Types: Frog figured on pl. 27 of the original publication; not known to still exist. Type locality: "found in Massachusetts, and is particularly abundant . . . in the vicinity of Salem . . . [also] in New York . . . [and] in the neighbourhood of Philadelphia", USA. Restricted to "Danvers, Essex County, Massachusetts", USA, by Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 70. See discussion of publication by Adler, 1976, Holbrook’s N. Am. Herpetol.: xxxvii, and comment associated with Salamandra salmonea. Synonymy by Cope, 1889, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 34: 353; by Stejneger and Barbour, 1917, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept.: 32.
Hylodes pickeringii — Storer, 1839, Rep. Ichthyol. Herpetol. Massachusetts: 240.
Hyla pickeringii — Holbrook, 1840, N. Am. Herpetol., 4: 135. Jordan, 1878, Man. Vert. North. U.S., Ed. 2: 189.
Acris pickeringii — Jan, 1857, Cenni Mus. Civ. Milano: 53. Günther, 1859 "1858", Cat. Batr. Sal. Coll. Brit. Mus.: 71.
Hyliola pickeringii — Mocquard, 1899, Nouv. Arch. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. Paris, Ser. 4, 1: 339.
Hyla crucifera — Myers, 1927 "1926", Proc. Indiana Acad. Sci., 36: 338. Myers, 1929, Copeia, 170: 22-23.
Hyla crucifera crucifera — Harper, 1939, Not. Nat., Philadelphia, 27: 1.
Hyla crucifera bartramiana Harper, 1939, Not. Nat., Philadelphia, 27: 1. Holotype: ANSP 21526, by original designation. Type locality: "4 miles west of Folkston, Charlton County, G[eorgi]a.", USA. Distinctiveness from Pseudacris crucifer crucifer rejected by Moriarty and Cannatella, 2004, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 30: 417.
Parapseudacris crucifer — Hardy and Burrows, 1986, Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 22: 80.
Pseudacris crucifer — Hedges, 1986, Syst. Zool., 35: 11. Silva, 1997, J. Herpetol., 31: 612.
Pseudacris crucifer bartramiana — Stevenson and Crowe, 1992, Herpetol. Rev., 23: 86. Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 12.
Pseudacris crucifer crucifer — Stevenson and Crowe, 1992, Herpetol. Rev., 23: 86. by implication.
Hyla crucifer — Cocroft, 1994, Herpetologica, 50: 420-437.
English Names
Piping Tree Toad (Hylodes pickeringi [no longer recognized]: Verrill, 1863, Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 9: 198).
Pickering's Hylodes (Hylodes pickeringi [no longer recognized]: Storer, 1839, Rep. Ichthyol. Herpetol. Massachusetts: 240; Storer, 1840, Boston J. Nat. Hist., 3: 47).
Pickering's Tree Toad (Hyla pickeringi [no longer recognized]: Jordan, 1878, Man. Vert. North. U.S., Ed. 2: 189; Davis and Rice, 1883, Bull. Chicago Acad. Sci., 1: 27; Fowler, 1907, Annu. Rep. N.J. State Mus. for 1906: 105).
Pickering's Tree Frog (Hyla pickeringi [no longer recognized]: Hay, 1892, Annu. Rep. Dept. Geol. Nat. Res. Indiana for 1891: 466; Rhoads, 1895, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, 47: 396).
Spring Peeper (Hyla pickeringi [no longer recognized]: Dickerson, 1906, The Frog Book: 138).
Peeper (Hyla pickeringi [no longer recognized]: Brimley, 1907, J. Elisha Mitchell Sci. Soc., 23: 158).
Spring Peeper (Pseudacris crucifer: Wright and Wright, 1933, Handb. Frogs Toads U.S. Canada: x; Stejneger and Barbour, 1933, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 3: 34; Smith, 1934, Am. Midl. Nat., 15: 470; Carr, 1940, Univ. Florida Biol. Sci. Ser., 3: 59; Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 70; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 176; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 319; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 11; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 62; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 12; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 12; Frost, McDiarmid, and Mendelson, 2008, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 37: 9; Collins and Taggart, 2009, Standard Common Curr. Sci. Names N. Am. Amph. Turtles Rept. Crocodil., ed. 6: 7; Frost, McDiarmid, Mendelson, and Green, 2012, in Crother (ed.), Herpetol. Circ., 39: 19).
Southern Spring Peeper (Pseudacris crucifer bartramiana [no longer recognized]: Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 70; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 176; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 320; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 11; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 62; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 12; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 12).
Northern Spring Peeper (Pseudacris crucifer crucifer [no longer recognized]: Schmidt, 1953, Check List N. Am. Amph. Rept., Ed. 6: 70; Conant, Cagle, Goin, Lowe, Neill, Netting, Schmidt, Shaw, Stebbins, and Bogert, 1956, Copeia, 1956: 176; Conant, 1975, Field Guide Rept. Amph. E. Cent. N. Am., Ed. 2: 320; Collins, Huheey, Knight, and Smith, 1978, Herpetol. Circ., 7: 11; Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 63; Collins, 1997, Herpetol. Circ., 25: 12; Crother, Boundy, Campbell, de Queiroz, Frost, Highton, Iverson, Meylan, Reeder, Seidel, Sites, Taggart, Tilley, and Wake, 2001 "2000", Herpetol. Circ., 29: 12).
Pickering's Hyla (Hyla pickeringi [no longer recognized]: Yarrow, 1882, Bull. U.S. Natl. Mus., 24: 24).
Distribution
Eastern North America from East Texas (USA) to southeastern Manitoba (Canada) then east, exluding peninsular Florida; introduced at Marianao and Canasí, Cuba.
Comment
In the Pseudacris crucifer group of Faivovich, Haddad, Garcia, Frost, Campbell, and Wheeler, 2005, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 294: 106. Austin, Lougheed, Neidrauer, Chek, and Boag, 2002, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 25: 316-329, reported on molecular phylogeography within the species, noting that no subspecies can be recognized although secondary post-Pleistocene contact zones are evident between former refugia. Moriarty and Cannatella, 2004, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 30: 409-420, discussed the lack of distinguishable subspecies. Busack, 1977, Herpetol. Rev., 8: 13, provided a record for South Dakota.
External Links
Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.
- For additional sources of information from other sites search Google
- For images search Arkive, CalPhoto Images and Google Images
- To search the NIH genetic sequence database, see GenBank
- For information aggregation from other sites and some original accounts see AmphibiaWeb report
- For further information on conservation status and distribution see the IUCN Redlist
- For related information on conservation and images as well as observation see iNaturalist;
- for a quick link to their maps see iNaturalist KML
- For access to informatoin on fossils see Lisanfos
