Nototrema testudineum Jiménez de la Espada, 1870, J. Sci. Math. Phys. Nat., Lisboa, 3: 62. Holotype: Not stated; given as MNCN 155 by Duellman, 1977, Das Tierreich, 95: 20; now MNCN 3510 according to González-Fernández, García-Díez, and San Segundo, 2009, Spixiana, München, 32: 273. Type locality: "in Ecuador; prope a monti olim ignivomo Sumaco"; given as "San José de Moti, Provincia Napo, Ecuador", by Duellman, 1977, Das Tierreich, 95: 20.
Nototrema viviparum Andersson, 1945, Ark. Zool., 37A(2): 82. Holotype: NHRM 1964 (10 specimens), according to Duellman, 1977, Das Tierreich, 95: 20. Type localities: "Baños, Rio Pastaza", Cerro Tungurahua, and "Watershed, Rio Pastaza", eastern Ecuador. Synonymy by Duellman and Fritts, 1972, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 9: 4.
Gastrotheca viviparum — Peters, 1955, Rev. Ecuat. Entomol. Parsitol., 2: 348.
Gastrotheca testudinea — Duellman, 1974, Occas. Pap. Mus. Nat. Hist. Univ. Kansas, 27: 4.
Gastrotheca (Opisthodelphys) testudinea — Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 31.
Espada's Marsupial Frog (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 53).
Amazonian slopes of Andes in Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia at elevations of 1100-2275 m; possibly extending into adjacent Colombia.
In the Gastrotheca ovifera group of Duellman, Maxson, and Jesiolowski, 1988, Copeia, 1988: 527-543. See De la Riva, Köhler, Lötters, and Reichle, 2000, Rev. Esp. Herpetol., 14: 30, for Bolivian record. See brief account by Köhler, 2000, Bonn. Zool. Monogr., 48: 93.
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