Ingerana Dubois, 1987

Class: Amphibia > Order: Anura > Family: Dicroglossidae > Subfamily: Occidozyginae > Genus: Ingerana

Ingerana Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 64. Type species: Rana tenasserimensis Sclater, 1892, by original designation.

Liurana Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 65-66. Type species: Cornufer xizangensis Hu, 1977, by original designation. Suggested as a subgenus of Ingerana. Treated as a synonym of Ingerana by Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 236.

Liurana — Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1997, Cultum Herpetol. Sinica, 6-7: 77-79. Treated as a distinct genus.

English Names

Eastern Frogs (Frank and Ramus, 1995, Compl. Guide Scient. Common Names Amph. Rept. World: 99).

Distribution

Northeastern India; Western China (Xizang and Yunnan); Myanmar, adjacent Thailand and peninsular Malaysia; Palawan, Philippines, Borneo.

Comment

Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 57, placed this taxon in his subfamily Raninae, Tribe Dicroglossini. Dubois, 1992, Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon, 61: 313-314, subsequently placed it in the subfamily Dicroglossinae, tribe Ceratobatrachini. Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 136, placed Ingerana in Ceratobatrachidae on the basis of DNA sequence evidence. Some species formerly recognized in Micrixalus and Platymantis were placed in this genus by Dubois, 1987 "1986", Alytes, 5: 64-65, who recognized two subgenera noted in the accounts, Ingerana and Liurana. Rana tenasserimensis was included in Indirana by Laurent, 1986, in Grassé and Delsol (eds.), Traite de Zool., 14: 761. This genus was not recognized as distinct from Micrixalus by Zhao and Adler, 1993, Herpetol. China: 136, pending additional work on Chinese species. Inger, 1996, Herpetologica, 52: 241-246, noted that Liurana was diagnosed on a characteristic that has been noted only in one of the three species assigned to the subgenus. Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1997, Cultum Herpetol. Sinica, 6-7: 77-79, ranked Liurana as a genus—not followed here because not all species can be sorted among the two taxa. See comment under Rana charlesdarwini. Roelants, Jiang, and Bossuyt, 2004, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 31: 735, suggested that Ingerana is in Occidozyginae, only distantly related to Ceratobatrachini. Fei, Ye, Huang, Jiang, and Xie, 2005, Illust. Key Chinese Amph.: 147-149, provided a key to Chinese species of Liurana. Dubois, 2005, Alytes, 23: 4, suggested without presenting evidence that Liurana is a synonym of Limnonectes (as Taylorana; in Dicroglossinae). Frost, Grant, Faivovich, Bain, Haas, Haddad, de Sá, Channing, Wilkinson, Donnellan, Raxworthy, Campbell, Blotto, Moler, Drewes, Nussbaum, Lynch, Green, and Wheeler, 2006, Bull. Am. Mus. Nat. Hist., 297: 236, discussed the status of Liurana, and provisionally retained it a synonym of Ingerana, pending the appearance of published evidence in support of its placement. Bossuyt, Brown, Hillis, Cannatella, and Milinkovitch, 2006, Syst. Biol., 55: 579-594, provided largely similar results, but although they placed Ingerana baluensis (the same exmplar used Frost et al., 2006) as the sister taxon of the remaining ceratobatrachids, their found Ingerana tenasserimensis (the type species of Ingerana) to be in Dicroglossidae and they found at least one species of nominal Platymantis (papuensis) far from other species of Platymantis, thereby suggesting its nonmonophyly. Although it is clear that at least Ingerana tenasserimensis should be in Dicroglossidae, it is not clear what component of "Ingerana" (including "Ingerana" baluensis) should remain in Ceratobatrachidae. Should Ingerana (type species Rana tenasserimensis Sclater, 1892) be placed in Occidozyga, the effect would be to render the bulk of the remaining taxon as Liurana. But the whole group is currently in a terrible state of taxonomic/phylogenetic disarray (DRF). Wiens, Sukumaran, Pyron, and Brown, 2009, Evolution, 63: 1217-1231, corroborated that recognition of Ingerana renders Occidozyga paraphyletic, as did Pyron and Wiens, 2011, Mol. Phylogenet. Evol., 61: 543-583, although this paraphyly was remedied by the transfer of Occidozyga borealis to Ingerana by Sailo, Lalremsanga, Hooroo, and Ohler, 2009, Alytes, 27: 1-12.

Contained taxa

Ingerana alpina (Huang and Ye, 1997)
Ingerana borealis (Annandale, 1912)
Ingerana charlesdarwini (Das, 1998)
Ingerana liui (Yang, 1983)
Ingerana mariae (Inger, 1954)
Ingerana medogensis (Fei, Ye, and Huang, 1997)
Ingerana rajae Iskandar, Bickford, and Arifin, 2011
Ingerana reticulata (Zhao and Li, 1984)
Ingerana sariba (Shelford, 1905)
Ingerana tasanae (Smith, 1921)
Ingerana tenasserimensis (Sclater, 1892)
Ingerana xizangensis (Hu, 1977)

External Links

Please note: these links will take you to external websites not affiliated with the American Museum of Natural History. We are not responsible for their content.